Freeze–thaw resistance assessment of cement-bound steel slag aggregate for pavement structures

Barišić, Ivana; Marković, Branimir; Zagvozda, Martina

doi:10.1080/10298436.2017.1309192

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Meanwhile, the metal hydroxides adsorbed on the particle surfaces as a carrier to adsorb heavy metal ions; this Sustainability 2020, 12, 18 7 of 27 resulted in a synergistic adsorption-coagulation effect. Because of the high mechanical strength of the steel slag, increasing its proportion reduced the particle loss rate [39,40]. In conclusion, the optimum proportion of bentonite and steel slag was 5:5.…”

Section: Determination Of the Bentonite-steel Slag Proportionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Experimental Study on the Optimum Preparation of Bentonite–Steel Slag Composite Particles

Zhan

Xiao

2019

Sustainability

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Novel multifunctional adsorbent bentonite-steel slag composite particles (BSC) were developed for highly efficient and synergistic treatment of heavy metal ions in acid mine drainage (AMD). Single-factor experiments were performed to examine the influence of different parameters on the adsorption effect, alkalinity release quantity, and loss rate of the composite particles. Based on these results, an L9(4 3 ) orthogonal experiment was carried out, and the optimum levels and order of the factors were determined by range analysis. Finally, the optimum preparation process of the composite particles was determined: a bentonite-steel slag proportion of 5:5, Na 2 CO 3 content of 5%, aging time of 12 h, calcination particle size of 2 mm, calcination temperature of 500 • C, and calcination time of 60 min. The isothermal adsorption of optimum BSC fit well with Langmuir and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) isotherms (R 2 R 2 > 0.997). A synergistic adsorption-coagulation effect occurs, leading to the appearance of multiple layers locally on the surface of BSC, which satisfies the BET model. To understand the preparation mechanism of the BSC, bentonite, steel slag, uncalcined BSC, and the optimum BSC were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that calcination led to an increase in the average pore radius, total pore volume, and specific surface area (S BET ) in the optimum BSC; numerous pores were present on its layered surface. Although the layer spacing increased after calcination, the structure of the dioctahedra remained unchanged. Exchangeable Na + , montmorillonite, and alkaline components were present between the optimum BSC layers. Water and impurities were removed after calcination. The BSC not only released an alkalinity-neutralising acid but also induced a synergistic adsorption-coagulation effect that removed heavy metal ions. It is an excellent multifunctional protective material for the mining environment, that can treat AMD-containing heavy metal ions. Sustainability 2020, 12, 18 2 of 27 Current techniques for treating AMD containing heavy metals include the neutralization precipitation [11], electrochemical [12], membrane separation [13-15], microbial [16,17], constructed wetland [18], and adsorption [19,20] methods. Neutralization precipitation and adsorption are widely used [21,22]. However, neutralization precipitation requires a large amount of chemical agents, such as neutralizer and flocculent [23,24], which leads to difficulties in solid-liquid separation and high processing costs [25,26]. Besides various adsorbent materials, activated carbon is frequently used for adsorption, but has a low adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions, has high costs, and cannot neutralize acid [27][28][29]. At present, most treatments use a single method, and the treatment effect is poor. If two methods are connected in series, the process flow is long,...

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Section: Determination Of the Bentonite-steel Slag Proportionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Sustainability 2020, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 26 strength of the steel slag, increasing its proportion reduced the particle loss rate [39,40]. In conclusion, the optimum proportion of bentonite and steel slag was 5:5.…”

Section: Determination Of the Bentonite-steel Slag Proportionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Experimental Study on the Optimum Preparation of Bentonite–Steel Slag Composite Particles

Zhan

Xiao

2019

Sustainability

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“…Some of these waste materials have been explored for the substitution of the finished cement products for the preparation of pavement and concrete and have recorded outstanding successes with various percentages of substitution. Some examples of these waste materials which have been used as a substitution material for finished cement products in the preparation of pavements, concrete [61,62], and/or mortar include "the ground-granulated blast-furnace slag" [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71], construction and demolition waste concrete [72], asphalt mixture [73], plastic waste [74], boron waste [75], amongst others. Additionally, from the use of other materials, only one study has been reported, which gives room for many more studies to be conducted with other materials possible.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Material Substitution Strategies for Energy Reduction and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Cement Manufacturing

Akintayo,

Olanrewaju

2023

Atmosphere

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While there is strong demand for cement because of its widespread use in modern society, its production is a source of international concern due to the large amounts of energy required and the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced in the process. These GHGs deplete the ozone layer and speed up global warming. Therefore, it is important to investigate several methods of handling this issue, and material replacement has been proposed as the best option among many others. In this study, we examine the different strategies that have employed material substitution to reduce energy use and GHG emissions during the past decade. In this study, we provided an overview of the cement production processes and outlined the various material replacement choices available to us (including waste or recycled materials and other materials). This study found that partial (1–60%) and total material substitution in cement production processes have been reported to lower energy consumption by 5.5% to 40% and greenhouse gas emissions by 1% to 94%. This highlights the importance of material substitution in cement production for reducing energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases.

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“…Authors concluded that, by using the coarse steel slag, the new material achieves smaller dry shrinkage strain compared to the cement stabilized macadam. Barišić et al [14,15] discovered that steel slag contributes to an increase in compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity in mixtures where gravel is partly replaced with steel slag. Furthermore, a steel slag mixture has a higher compressive strength and a higher dynamic modulus of elasticity under freezing or thawing conditions than stabilized gravel, which is the result of the rough surface of steel slag, contributing to stronger bonding in the interfacial transition zone (ITZ).…”

Section: Steel Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liu et al [12] Li et al [13] Barišić et al [14,15] Passeto i Baldo [16] Inhibitive effect on drying shrinkage Higher compressive strength and dynamic moduli of elasticity Better resistance to freeze -thaw cycles Stronger bonds in ITZ Up to 50 % replacement of natural aggregates Detrimental effect on rigidity Toxicological by-products…”

Section: Steel Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and remediation measures for reflective cracks in flexible pavements

2022

JCE

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Considering the high price and the number of natural resources used in transport infrastructure, extending pavement lifetime is a priority for engineers. One of the most common issues in flexible pavement maintenance are reflective cracks, which reduce driving comfort and passenger safety. These cracks have two main origins, those initiated by shrinkage of the cement stabilized layer and the cracks reflected from the old pavement to a new overlay. During road maintenance, the usual remediation measure is to overlay and place a new asphalt wearing course over the old, deteriorated pavement surface. After an asphalt overlay is placed on the deteriorated pavement, the overlay can exhibit an identical crack pattern as the layer below. The main cause of reflective cracks is in the cement bound base course (CBC). Due to cement hydration, traffic load, and temperature oscillations, cracks may occur and propagate through upper layers. Much research has been conducted to prevent this problem. Some research, with an emphasis on recycled materials, is presented in this paper. The remediation measures include thin and thick interlayers and modification of the asphalt overlay characteristics.

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Freeze–thaw resistance assessment of cement-bound steel slag aggregate for pavement structures

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Experimental Study on the Optimum Preparation of Bentonite–Steel Slag Composite Particles

Experimental Study on the Optimum Preparation of Bentonite–Steel Slag Composite Particles

Material Substitution Strategies for Energy Reduction and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Cement Manufacturing

Prevention and remediation measures for reflective cracks in flexible pavements

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