Freezing Tolerance of Plant Cells: From the Aspect of Plasma Membrane and Microdomain

Chemical products for crop protection against freezing stress: A review

“…In this mechanism, the plant can endure ice formation in its extracellular spaces, while intracellular water migrates to the extracellular ice to dehydrate cells, but without irreversible cell damage (Hoermiller et al, 2018;Larcher, 2003). In freezing tolerance, some lipids and proteins in membranes are modified in cells to increase their stabilities and integrities (Larcher, 2003;Takahashi et al, 2018). Normally, membrane lipids change and a high content of unsaturated fatty acids is registered under low-temperature stress (Ouellet & Charron, 2013).…”

“…Temperature is a key factor that affects plant growth and development. Sub‐zero temperatures can damage and even kill crops (Piticar, 2019) due to extracellular ice formation that dehydrates cells and subsequently damages membranes (Nagao et al., 2008; Thomashow, 1999), cells disruption due to fusion between cellular and intercellular membranes can occur while the ice is formed (Takahashi et al., 2018; Thomashow, 1999). Low temperature may induce photoinhibition by producing an imbalance between light energy absorbed and plant capability to assimilate it (Huner et al., 1993) resulting in oxidative stress or directly damage to the photosynthetic apparatus which is imbedded in thylakoid membranes, this leads to a reduction in photosynthesis efficiency (Ruelland et al, 2009; Khan et al., 2017).…”

“…Frost stress depends on many factors, including species, cultivar, microclimate, and date of planting (Snyder & de Melo‐Abreu, 2005). Some temperate plants or crops are able to respond to non‐freezing low temperatures inducing physiological mechanisms that increase freezing tolerance (referred to ‘cold acclimation’) that occur mainly when short days begin and when the plants transform into dormant states (Ma et al., 2019; Takahashi et al., 2018). However, when spring frost occurs the crops are highly vulnerable because the plants are in active growth.…”

“…Temperature is a key factor that affects plant growth and development. Sub-zero temperatures can damage and even kill crops (Piticar, 2019) due to extracellular ice formation that dehydrates cells and subsequently damages membranes (Nagao et al, 2008;Thomashow, 1999), cells disruption due to fusion between cellular and intercellular membranes can occur while the ice is formed (Takahashi et al, 2018;Thomashow, 1999). Low temperature may induce photoinhibition by producing an imbalance…”

TheBrachypodium distachyoncold-acclimated plasma membrane proteome is primed for stress resistance

“…Analyses of the PM-associated proteome of thale cress, Arabidopsis thaliana, hereinafter Arabidopsis (Kawamura and Uemura 2002;Miki et al 2019;Li et al 2020), winter rye, Secale cereale (Uemura and Yoshida 1984), and oat, Avena sativa (Takahashi et al 2010) suggest that the PM is also important for initiating cold-induced changes in these plants. Once cold-induced signaling has commenced, there is an accumulation of membrane-stabilizing COR proteins, a remodelling of the PM, as well as an upregulation of osmolyte synthases that help protect against dehydration-induced cell lysis (Minami et al 2009;Takahashi et al 2018).…”