Frequency and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Diabetic Foot Infection of Patients from Bandar Abbas District, Southern Iran

Abstract

Diabetic foot infection is among the most common complications of diabetes mellitus which significantly causes hospitalization and is the most prevalent etiology of nontraumatic amputation worldwide. The current study aimed at assessing the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of diabetic foot infection of patients from the Bandar Abbas area, in the south of Iran. In this study, a total of 83 diabetic patients with diabetic infected foot wounds referring to Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, from 2017 to 2018 were assessed. Samples were obtained from wound sites and evaluated by aerobic culture and also an antibiogram test for antibiotic susceptibility. Factors including age, sex, type of diabetes, the medication used for diabetes, previous history of diabetic foot infection, duration of wound incidence, fever, and laboratory indices were recorded for each subject. The most prevalent detected bacteria were Escherichia coli (20.5%), Enterococcus sp. (16.9%), Klebsiella sp. (12%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.4%), Enterobacter sp. (7.2%), and Acinetobacter sp. (6%). The results of antibiogram tests revealed the most and the least antibiotic sensitivity for E. coli sp. as meropenem and ciprofloxacin, for Enterococcus sp. as gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, for Klebsiella sp. as amikacin and cotrimoxazole, and for Enterobacter sp. as cotrimoxazole and both amikacin and ciprofloxacin. Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to vancomycin and doxycycline, and Acinetobacter sp. was 100% resistant to all antibiotics except amikacin and gentamycin. A significant statistical association was found between the C-reactive protein and the patients’ diabetic foot infection organisms (P=0.019). Findings of the study revealed E. coli sp. as the most common bacteria which are infecting the foot lesions in the studied population. The highest antibiotic susceptibility was seen for vancomycin, linezolid, and carbapenem.

Detection of ESBLs and carbapenemases among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from diabetic foot infections in Ouargla, Algeria

“…findings correlated with those of Djahmi et al and Bouharkat et al [13,15]. Studies in warm countries [Middle-East and North Africa (MENA) and south-east Asia] have found a higher prevalence of aerobic GNB [10,[16][17][18]. In contrast, studies from the western countries reported GPB to be the most frequently isolated pathogens [19,20].This discrepancy in the prevalence of GNB in DFIs between eastern and western countries remains largely unknown.…”

Bacterial Etiology and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Diabetic Foot Infection in Patients Admitted to Shiraz Hospitals, Iran

“…In a study by Talebi et al ( 2010), all S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, but resistance of E. coli isolates to ceftriaxone was 88%, compared to 100% resistance observed in this study [22] . In a study by Ahmadishooli et al (2020) [23] , E. coli isolates were most sensitive to meropenem and least sensitive to ciprofloxacin, while in the present study, E. coli isolates showed the highest sensitivity to amikacin and imipenem and the lowest sensitivity to ceftriaxone. In a study by Dwedar et al (2015) in Egypt, the antibiotic susceptibility pattern was similar to that obtained in the present study, and the highest susceptibility of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was reported to vancomycin as well as imipenem and amikacin, respectively [24] .…”

Increase in antibiotic resistance in diabetic foot infections among peruvian patients: a single-center cross-sectional study

“…Similar findings were seen in a provincial hospital, where 64.29% of the bacteria were Gram-negative, with E. coli being the most frequent (16.07%), followed by S. aureus (14.29%) ( 15 ). Foreign countries also showed similar results, with E. coli being the most frequent bacteria in Iran with 20.5% ( 20 ), and Lebanon with 15% ( 21 ). Considering these reports, S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa appear to be the most prevalent bacteria in diabetic foot infections worldwide.…”