Frequency and Characteristics of Isolated Psychiatric Episodes in Anti–<i>N</i>-Methyl-<scp>d</scp>-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

Kayser, Matthew S.; Titulaer, Maarten J.; Gresa-Arribas, Núria; Dalmau, Josep

doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.3216

Cited by 379 publications

(352 citation statements)

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“…Delayed diagnosis can prolong immunosuppressant initiation and lead to a more severe syndrome, which can result in hypoventilation, coma, or status epilepticus. These severe cases are often treated for extended periods of time in an intensive care unit (6,7). This observation stresses the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment, with emphasis on supportive care (8,9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The eminence of psychiatric symptoms in anti-NMDA-R encephalitis has been of remarkable curiosity to the psychiatrists by raising the opportunity to an identifiable, treatable type of psychiatric disorder (6,7). The group of symptoms in anti-NMDA-R encephalitis results in a characteristic syndrome that can imply different diagnoses at diverse stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The group of symptoms in anti-NMDA-R encephalitis results in a characteristic syndrome that can imply different diagnoses at diverse stages. Patients, particularly adults, are often diagnosed with new onset psychotic disorder (7,8,9). Drugs that block NMDA-R function, such as phencyclidine, can produce similar presentation (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assessment of near 600 cases has shown that, while rare, some patients may display only psychiatric symptoms without any neurological signs during the first disease episode or in a relapse episode (7). Delayed diagnosis can prolong immunosuppressant initiation and lead to a more severe syndrome, which can result in hypoventilation, coma, or status epilepticus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate-Receptor Encephalitis, a Challenge for Neurologists or a Chameleon for Psychiatrists: A Case Report

Ali

Amir

Rezaeitalab

et al. 2015

Caspian.J.Neurol.Sci

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Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate-Receptor (NMDA-R) encephalitis is a new autoimmune disorder, often paraneoplastic in nature, presenting with complex neuropsychiatric symptoms. Diagnosed serologically, this disorder is often responsive to immunosuppressant treatment. We here in report the case of a 56-year-old man with anti NMDA-R encephalitis presenting initially with disorientation and hallucination. He later developed bilateral ophthalmoplegia and spastic tetraparesis. Neurological examination showed mild consciousness disturbance and bilateral ophthalmoplegia on admission, spastic tetraparesis with limbs hyperreflexia. Cerebrospinal fluid samples showed mild pleocytosis. MRI disclosed some small hypersignal lesions in the FLAIR. Anti-NMDA-R antibody was diagnosed upon detection of antibody in the serum. Psychiatrists and neurologists should pay more attention to the cranial, mental and behavioral involvement due to this potentially fatal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate-Receptor Encephalitis, a Challenge for Neurologists or a Chameleon for Psychiatrists: A Case Report

Ali

Amir

Rezaeitalab

et al. 2015

Caspian.J.Neurol.Sci

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“…[37] Akut başlangıçlı psikozla seyreden olgularda da NMDA-R antikor pozitifliği bildirilmiştir. [9,38] NMDA otoantikorlarının TLE ile ilişkisi VGKC otoantikorlarına göre daha geri planda gibi görünmekle ile birlikte Dalmau ve ark.nın (2008) bildirdiği 100 hastalık NMDA ensefaliti serisinde 79 hastada nöbet saptanmıştır. Elektrosensefalografi (EEG) incelemelerinde 77 hastada yaygın ya da frontotemporal bölgelerde yavaşlama, 21 hastada ise epileptojenik odak bulunmuştur.…”

Section: İmmün Yanıt Ve Temporal Lob Nöbetleriunclassified

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Autoimmunity

Sezgi̇n¹

2015

Epilepsi

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SummaryEpilepsy is one of the most frequent neurological diseases affecting quality of life in our country and in the world. Temporal lobe epilepsy is especially remarkable in terms of its frequency, resistance to treatment and large spectrum of the affected age groups. There are recent increasing new evidences on the relationship between autoimmune mechanisms and temporal lobe epilepsy. Understanding the autoimmune mechanisms will contribute to create new concepts for the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.Keywords: Anti-neuronal antibodies; autoimmune epilepsy; temporal lobe epilepsy. ÖzetEpilepsi yaşam kalitesini etkileyen, ülkemizde ve dünyada en sık görülen nörolojik hastalıklardan biridir. Temporal lob epilepsisi sıklığı, tedaviye gösterdiği direnç ve etkilediği geniş yaş grubu açısından özellikle dikkate değerdir. Otoimmün mekanizmalar ile temporal lob epilepsisi arasındaki ilişki her geçen gün yeni oluşan kanıtlar eşliğinde ortaya konmaktadır. Bu otoimmün mekanizmaların anlaşılması temporal lob epilepsisi etyopatogenezi, tanısı ve tedavisine ilişkin yeni kavramların geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.Anahtar sözcükler: Antinöronal otoantikor; otoimmün epilepsi; temporal lob epilepsisi.

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Absence of Autoantibodies Against Neuronal Surface Antigens in Sera of Patients With Psychotic Disorders

et al. 2020

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Patients with antibodies against neuronal surface antigens (NSAbs), including the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), typically develop autoimmune encephalitis with characteristic neurological and psychiatric symptoms. 1 In 4% of individuals with NMDAR encephalitis, isolated psychotic episodes occur without simultaneous neurological involvement. 2 This raises the question of whether NSAbs are underdiagnosed in patients with psychotic disorders. Results of studies testing this, however, are contradictory, 3-5 possibly because of differences in the methods of antibody detection. Previously, in a cohort of 475 patients with schizophrenia, we found no one with NMDAR antibodies after excluding 2 false-positive results by combined immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests and cell-based assays (CBAs) across laboratories. 6 In this analysis, we extend these studies to other common NSAbs known to cause encephalitis, aiming to expand the clinical spectrum of psychosis potentially caused by autoantibodies. Methods | The cohort included individuals with psychotic disorders, who were further divided into those with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, brief psychotic disorder, and firstepisode psychosis diagnoses (as defined by the DSM-IV), and

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Frequency and Characteristics of Isolated Psychiatric Episodes in Anti–N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

Cited by 379 publications

References 15 publications

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate-Receptor Encephalitis, a Challenge for Neurologists or a Chameleon for Psychiatrists: A Case Report

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate-Receptor Encephalitis, a Challenge for Neurologists or a Chameleon for Psychiatrists: A Case Report

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Autoimmunity

Absence of Autoantibodies Against Neuronal Surface Antigens in Sera of Patients With Psychotic Disorders

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