Frequency and Magnitude of Selected Historical Landslide Events in the Southern Appalachian Highlands of North Carolina and Virginia: Relationships to Rainfall, Geological and Ecohydrological Controls, and Effects

Wooten, Richard M.; Witt, Anne C.; Miniat, Chelcy Ford; Hales, Tristram C.; Aldred, Jennifer

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21527-3_9

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Landslides, which are common in some regions, can also result in intermediate-severity disturbance [68,87]. For example, the remnants of Hurricane Camille in 1969 triggered 5377 documented landslides (mainly in the form of debris flows) in the Appalachian Highlands of Virginia and West Virginia [88].…”

Section: What Causes Intermediate-severity Disturbances?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are Intermediate-Severity Forest Disturbances and Why Are They Important?

Hart

Kleinman

2018

Forests

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The classification of discrete forest disturbance events is usually based on the spatial extent, magnitude, and frequency of the disturbance. Based on these characteristics, disturbances are placed into one of three broad categories, gap-scale, intermediate-severity, or catastrophic disturbance, along the disturbance classification gradient. We contend that our understanding of disturbance processes near the endpoints of the disturbance classification gradient far exceeds that of intermediate-severity events. We hypothesize that intermediate-severity disturbances are more common, and that they are more important drivers of forest ecosystem change than is commonly recognized. Here, we provide a review of intermediate-severity disturbances that includes proposed criteria for categorizing disturbances on the classification gradient. We propose that the canopy opening diameter to height ratio (D:H) be used to delineate gap-scale from intermediate-severity events and that the threshold between intermediate and catastrophic events be based on the influence of residual trees on the composition of the regeneration layer. We also provide examples of intermediate-severity disturbance agents, return intervals for these events, and recommendations for incorporating natural intermediate-severity disturbance patterns in silvicultural systems.

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Section: What Causes Intermediate-severity Disturbances?mentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are Intermediate-Severity Forest Disturbances and Why Are They Important?

Hart

Kleinman

2018

Forests

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“…Because landslides can be initiated during extended periods of above average rainfall [30], Elevated Rain Time Clusters (ERTCs) were calculated for the period of the 'distant' past (since 4 June 1936) using CHLRGN rainfall observations binned to the 6-h synoptic periods. Rain-free periods of N × 6-h (where N = 1 to 16 synoptic periods) were counted for the total period of CHLRGN record (starting 4 June 1936).…”

Section: Examination Of Ars In the 'Distant' Past (4 June 1936-30 Junmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The map base is a shaded relief map and color-coded elevation map derived from a 20 m pixel resolution LiDAR (Light Detecting and Ranging) digital elevation model. Landslide inventory data for North Carolina used in the study came from the landslide geodatabase maintained by the NCGS [30]. The geodatabase documents 529 landslides of various types for the 1994-2014 focus period of this study (green dots in Figure 1), where the known date(s) of movement for individual landslides are recorded in the geodatabase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Expanded Investigation of Atmospheric Rivers in the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Their Connection to Landslides

Miller

Miniat²,

Wooten³

et al. 2019

Atmosphere

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Previous examination of rain gauge observations over a five-year period at high elevations within a river basin of the southern Appalachian Mountains showed that half of the extreme (upper 2.5%) rainfall events were associated with an atmospheric river (AR). Of these extreme events having an AR association, over 73% were linked to a societal hazard at downstream locations in eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina. Our analysis in this study was expanded to investigate AR effects in the southern Appalachian Mountains on two river basins, located 60 km apart, and examine their influence on extreme rainfall, periods of elevated precipitation and landslide events over two time periods, the ‘recent’ and ‘distant’ past. Results showed that slightly more than half of the extreme rainfall events were directly attributable to an AR in both river basins. However, there was disagreement on individual ARs influencing extreme rainfall events in each basin, seemingly a reflection of its proximity to the Blue Ridge Escarpment and the localized terrain lining the river basin boundary. Days having at least one landslide occurring in western North Carolina were found to be correlated with long periods of elevated precipitation, which often also corresponded to the influence of ARs and extreme rainfall events.

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“…Landslide process along with its accompanying conditions and factors has been already analyzed for a long time. That catastrophic natural and technogenic phenomenon results in considerable economic losses in the countries with rather high scientific achievements (Hirota, Konagai, Sassa, et al, 2019;Wooten, Witt, Miniat, Hales, Aldred, 2016). In terms of the countries with lower level of economic development, dangerous natural and, especially, geological processes cause a problem, which is not considered in time.…”

Section: тп мокрицькаmentioning

confidence: 99%

On different types, conditions, and factors of landslide risks in the city of Dnipro

Mokritskaya¹

2019

Journ. Geol., Geogr., and Geoec..

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The paper represents the research results as for the factors of such dangerous geological phenomenon as landslides in terms of geological medium of the city of Dnipro. It is emphasized that there are certain geological, geomorphological, and hydrogeological conditions favouring the development of a medium for landslide formation. Irrespective of long-term study of that phenomenon, spatiotemporal prognosis is a complex scientific problem requiring application of innovative ideas and scientific statements concerning both separate components of a geological medium and rather complex natural and technogenic system. The paper analyzes conditions of the development of deep landslides within the territory of the city of Dnipro connected with a geological structure in a scope going beyond traditional scope of engineering and geological studies. Despite wide occurrence of landslide developments within the territory of the region, landslide of the Dnipro region are not singled out as a separate regional type. According to different estimations, general number of landslides is more than 144 within the city of Dnipro. The studies are based on numerous calculations of slope stability indicating the importance of the occurrence of Pre-Quaternary deposits as the factor favour- ing deep landslide formations. Basing upon the processing of the geological studies, cartographic modeling of the surfaces of certain levels, their thickness, and analysis of landslides grouping within the areas of singled-out territories have been performed. Maps of the surfaces of reddish-brown (N2-Q1) and grey-green (N1-S2) clays as well as deposits of Obukhivska (P2ob) and Mezhyhirska (P3 mž) suites, representing together the rock thickness corresponding to Kharkiv Stage (P2-3hr), have been developed. It has been proved that occurrence mode of clays at the base of loessial soils creates certain conditions for the development of landslides being different in their mechanisms (i.e. cutting, slipping, and squeezing). An example of certain calculations of slope stability is given confirming the important role of argillaceous rocks in the formation of the zone of changed soil condition and property. It has been proved that occur- rence mode of the rocks occurring lower than the depth of water erosion development should be studied thoroughly while designing landslide protection structures to obtain accurate model of the geological medium.

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Frequency and Magnitude of Selected Historical Landslide Events in the Southern Appalachian Highlands of North Carolina and Virginia: Relationships to Rainfall, Geological and Ecohydrological Controls, and Effects

Cited by 18 publications

References 62 publications

What Are Intermediate-Severity Forest Disturbances and Why Are They Important?

What Are Intermediate-Severity Forest Disturbances and Why Are They Important?

An Expanded Investigation of Atmospheric Rivers in the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Their Connection to Landslides

On different types, conditions, and factors of landslide risks in the city of Dnipro

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