Frequency and risk factors associated with depression in elderly visiting Primary Health Care (PHC) settings: Findings from the Cretan Aging Cohort

Basta, Maria; Micheli, Katerina; Simos, Panagiotis G.; Zaganas, Ioannis; Panagiotakis, Symeon; Koutra, Katerina; Krasanaki, Christina; Lionis, Christos; Vgontzas, Alexandros N.

doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100109

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A recent meta-analysis found that the prevalence of depression in older adults is around 28% [ 36 ]. In any case, it is well known that individuals with depression have compromised cognitive health [ 37 , 38 ] and that the prevalence of depression in older people having cognitive impairment is higher compared with those having normal cognitive functions [ 11 , 12 ]; however, it is not known whether depression is a risk factor for compromised cognitive health or whether depression constitutes a part of the long preclinical phase of the disease. Additionally, keeping in mind that adherence to the MeDi is positively connected with cognitive health [ 13 , 14 ], it is of great importance cognitive function to be accounted for when exploring the connection of diet with depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the individual food groups, negative associations were found for fruits and alcoholic drinks with depression incidence. Although most studies on alcohol intake have explored disorders involving alcohol use, rather than lower intake levels, studies in younger adults have indicated that the association between alcohol consumption and depression is U-shaped [ 42 ]; whereas, results from other studies have shown that moderate alcohol consumption was more prevalent among non-depressed older people and was associated with reduced depression development [ 38 , 43 ]. It should be noted that in our study, the mean portion of alcoholic drinks was low, and the maximum consumption was within the acceptable range, so is safe to assume that there was no alcohol overconsumption that could negatively affect mood and result in mood disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with Depression in Older Adults Longitudinally Taking into Account Cognitive Status: Results from the HELIAD Study

et al. 2023

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Although research has generally shown a negative association between depression and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDi), the literature related to older adults is controversial, perhaps partially due to the fact that cognitive status has not been considered. The aim of the current work was to investigate the association between MeDi and incident depression in a representative cohort of people, taking into account their cognitive status in multiple ways. The sample was drawn from the HELIAD study, a longitudinal study including a follow-up of 3 years after the baseline assessment. In total, 879 participants without depression at baseline were included (55.4% women, mean age ± Standard Deviation: 73.3 ± 5.0 years). Depression was determined as a score in the Geriatric depression scale ≥6 and/or antidepressant medication and/or clinical diagnosis of depression. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex and education were employed. In the basic model, adherence to the MeDi was negatively associated with depression. In the most conservative model, excluding participants with dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment, and after controlling for the baseline Cognitive Status, each unit (range 0–55) increase in MeDi was associated with a 6.2% decrease in the risk for depression (p < 0.001). These findings indicate that MeDi is negatively associated with depression longitudinally in older adults, above and beyond cognitive status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with Depression in Older Adults Longitudinally Taking into Account Cognitive Status: Results from the HELIAD Study

et al. 2023

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“…Both psychiatric and somatic inpatients reported relevant levels of depressive symptoms, on average exceeding the cut-off for depression on the GDS-15 scale. While this is not surprising for the group of psychiatric patients (more than one third of them were treated for a depressive episode), depression in the elderly without a psychiatric diagnosis may be underdiagnosed, as has been emphasized elsewhere [61][62][63][64]. Since depressive symptoms were reported in both groups, higher levels of loneliness among psychiatric patients cannot only be explained by depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Loneliness in Elderly Inpatients

et al. 2022

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Purpose: Loneliness among the elderly is a widespread phenomenon and is connected to various negative health outcomes. Nevertheless, loneliness among elderly inpatients, especially those with a psychiatric diagnosis, has hardly been examined. Our study assessed loneliness in elderly inpatients, identified predictors, and compared levels of loneliness between inpatients on psychiatric and somatic wards. Methods: N = 100 elderly inpatients of a somatic and psychiatric ward were included. Levels of loneliness were assessed, as were potential predictors such as depression, psychological resilience, severity of mental illness, well-being, daily functioning, and psychiatric diagnosis. Analyses of group differences and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were conducted. Results: 37% of all inpatients reported elevated levels of loneliness. Significant predictor variables were self-reported depressive symptoms, well-being, severity of mental illness, being single and living with a caregiver. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that the full model explained 58% of variance in loneliness. Psychiatric inpatients’ loneliness was significantly higher than loneliness in somatic inpatients. When analyzing group differences between inpatients with different main psychiatric diagnoses, highest levels were found in patients with an affective disorder, followed by those treated for organic mental disorder. Since the study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, potential influence of different measurement points (lockdown vs. no lockdown) were analyzed: Differences in loneliness depending on the phase of the pandemic were non-significant. Conclusion: Elderly inpatients experience high levels of loneliness, especially those with a mental disorder. Interventions to reduce loneliness in this population should address predictors of loneliness, preferably through multiprofessional interventions.

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“…In most cases, psychiatric disorders are expressed as somatic complaints and may be overlooked as a normal part of the aging process and often go unrecognized by non-psychiatric physicians [58]. Similarly, as demonstrated in multiple studies, insomnia symptoms may be associated with under-detection of depression among older people [59,60]. Hence, there is a need for a more in-depth examination of this association to come up with better policy measures and thus to prevent poor mental health adversely affecting the sleep habits of older individuals.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

The associations of BMI, chronic conditions and lifestyle factors with insomnia symptoms among older adults in India

2022

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Background The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of insomnia symptoms and to examine the associations of body mass index (BMI), chronic diseases, and lifestyle factors with self-reported insomnia symptoms among older people in India. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the baseline wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) that was collected during 2017–18. A sample of 31,358 older adults aged 60 and above was included in the analyses. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to obtain the results. Results In this study, insomnia symptoms were reported by around 36 percent of older adults aged 60 and above. After controlling for socio-demographic factors, insomnia symptoms were positively associated with the risk of being underweight [AOR: 1.289, CI: 1.211–1.372] and negatively associated with obesity/overweight [AOR: 0.928, CI: 0.872–0.990] as compared to older adults with normal BMI. The odds of insomnia symptoms were higher among those who reported the following chronic conditions, i.e., hypertension [AOR:1.356, CI:1.278–1.438], diabetes [AOR:1.160, CI:1.074–1.254], chronic lung diseases [AOR:1.485, CI:1.351–1.632], bone-related diseases [AOR:1.561, CI:1.458–1.670] and any psychiatric disorders [AOR:1.761, CI:1.495–2.074]. In addition, older adults who were physically active [AOR: 0.850, CI:0.804–0.900] were less likely to report insomnia symptoms. Conclusions The study suggests a high prevalence of insomnia symptoms among the older population in India. Early identification of the signs of insomnia in older population is crucial, as is timely treatment for any kind of sleep problems. In addition, nutrition-based interventions and individual disease-specific management programs may help minimize the stressful situations in later life and develop a good night’s sleep for the older population.

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Frequency and risk factors associated with depression in elderly visiting Primary Health Care (PHC) settings: Findings from the Cretan Aging Cohort

Cited by 12 publications

References 62 publications

The Association of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with Depression in Older Adults Longitudinally Taking into Account Cognitive Status: Results from the HELIAD Study

The Association of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with Depression in Older Adults Longitudinally Taking into Account Cognitive Status: Results from the HELIAD Study

Loneliness in Elderly Inpatients

The associations of BMI, chronic conditions and lifestyle factors with insomnia symptoms among older adults in India

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