Frequency and variability of dental morphology in deciduous and permanent dentition of a Nasa indigenous group in the municipality of Morales, Cauca, Colombia

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the frequency, variability, sexual dimorphism and bilateral symmetry of fourteen dental crown traits in the deciduous and permanent dentition of 60 dental models (35 women and 25 men) obtained from a native, indigenous group of Nasa school children of the Musse Ukue group in the municipality of Morales, Department of Cauca, Colombia. Material and methods: This is a quantitative descriptive, cross-sectional study that characterizes dental morphology by means of the systems for temporary dentition from Dahlberg (winging), and ASUDAS (crowding, reduction of hypocone, metaconule and cusp 6), Hanihara (central and lateral incisors in shovel-shape and cusp 7), Sciulli (double bit, layered fold protostylid, cusp pattern and cusp number) and Grine (Carabelli trait); and in permanent dentition from ASUDAS (Winging, crowding, central and lateral incisors in shovel-shape and double shovel-shape, Carabelli trait, hypocone reduction, metaconule, cusp pattern, cusp number, layered fold protostylid, cusp 6 and cusp 7). Results: The most frequent dental crown features were the shovel-shaped form, grooved and fossa forms of the Carabelli trait, metaconule, cusp pattern Y6, layered fold, protostylid (point P) and cusp 6. Sexual dimorphism was not observed and there was bilateral symmetry in the expression of these features. Conclusions: The sample studied presented a great affinity with ethnic groups belonging to the Mongoloid Dental Complex due to the frequency (expression) and variability (gradation) of the tooth crown traits, upper incisors, the Carabelli trait, the protostylid, cusp 6 and cusp 7. The influence of the Caucasoide Dental Complex associated with ethno-historical processes cannot be ruled out.

Application of Dental Mor- phological Characteristics for Medical-Legal Identification: Sexual Diagnosis in a Portu- guese Population

“…As observed in the current study, other researchers concluded that there is no evidence of sexual dimorphism in the meta cone, hypo cone, Carabelli's trait, parastyle, canine mesial ridge, labial convexity, shoveling, deflecting wrinkle, cusp 6/entoconulid and cusp 7/metaconulid when applying the ASUDAS method [15,28,[30][31][32]. Reality behind these findings may be, again, due to a low number of individuals in each subpopulation group (gender), including the present study.…”

“…Scott and Turner fall within the group of researchers who claim that dental morphological characteristics are equally expressed between both sexes and that the sexual dimorphism exhibited by them is low or nonexistent. In studies of Goyes et al, [8] and Díaz et al, [28], both applied the ASUDAS method in the permanent dentition in different samples of the Colombian population, whose results demonstrated the absence of sexual dimorphism for the tuberculum dentale of the maxillary canines and the distal accessory ridge of the mandibular canines in the first study and, for cusp 5/metaconule for the second study mentioned. Such contradictory facts can reside on the assumption that in both cases the number of the sample was below the population of the present study, or that dental morphological characteristics are specific to a given population, or even because of the existing geographical distance separating population groups.…”

Methodology for Morphometric Analysis of Modern Human Contralateral Premolars

“…Dental anthropology, a subfield of biological anthropology, is the study of the development, eruption, number, size, morphology, modification, wear, and pathology of teeth, among other topics, in order to answer questions like how individuals and populations are related, what pre-historic humans' diet consisted of, and what their general health status was like [113]. According to Diaz et al [114], the analysis of dental morphology by anthropologists strives to understand how so-called Tooth Crown Morphological Traits present in frequency, sexual dimorphism, and bilateral symmetry in order to answer the aforementioned questions as well as give insight in biology, anthropology, dentistry, paleopathology, archeology, and forensic science.…”

Origen y expresión de la cúspide de carabelli en diferentes grupos étnicos del suroccidente colombiano: estudio documental

“…Al estudiar las poblaciones indígenas Nasa [38], se puede afirmar que presentan la morfología dental propia del complejo dental mongoloide, que para el caso de la cúspide de Carabelli consistió en expresiones de fisura (grado 1) y fosa (grado 2), con mínimas expresiones de depresión en y (grado 3 y 4), y de cúspides pequeñas (grado 5), asociadas a posible mestizaje con mestizos caucasoides. Esta configuración en la frecuencia y la variabilidad, relaciona este grupo étnico directamente con los sinodontes, al igual que los demás grupos indígenas colombianos y americanos, hallazgos que son compatibles con lo referido en la literatura y que coinciden igualmente con la teoría sobre el origen mongoloide de los indígenas de América del Sur.…”

“…Fuente: modificado de http://cavern.uark.edu/~jcrose/dental/ que, según el teorema del límite central, una muestra se considera significativa a partir de 30 individuos [30]. La información sobre la frecuencia y variabilidad de la cúspide de Carabelli se obtuvo de dos publicaciones científicas (afrodescendientes de Tumaco y afrodescendientes de Guapi), y de las bases de datos de la Escuela de Odontología de la Universidad del Valle (mestizos caucasoides de Cali, afrodescendientes de Puerto Tejada, afrodescendientes de Villarica, indígenas nasa) [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”