Frequency-Coded Lens by Photonic Crystal Resonator for mm-Wave Chipless RFID Applications

Abbas, Ali Alhaj; Zantah, Yamen; Solbach, Klaus; Kaiser, Thomas

doi:10.1109/iwmts51331.2021.9486828

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The dependency of lens characteristics on lens parameters has been discussed in [29]- [31]. In [23], it is found that the focal area of a spherical homogenous lens (R l = 20 mm and r = 2) calculated at f = 92.5 GHz is located 4.4 mm from the lens periphery. The same lens is used here where the lens is excited alone by TE-polarized plane wave in order to characterize its focal area.…”

Section: A Lens Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Millimeter-Wave Retro-Directive Frequency Coded Lens by Curved One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Resonator

et al. 2022

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Innovating passive and chipless coded landmarks have recently emerged for high accuracy self-localization systems. Existing landmarks make use of the combination of retro-directive devices, corner reflectors and lenses, with a coding particle in order to give a high RCS response over a wide angle. In this paper, with a consideration of important practical parameters unappreciated in existing designs, we propose a wide-angle retro-directive frequency-coded lens by a curved one-dimensional Photonic Crystal (PhC) resonator. The proposed frequency-coded lens is made of two parts: a homogenous lens and a curved PhC resonator where the resonator is located along the lens focal line. A frequency coding is used, where the presence or absence of a notch frequency in a specified information channel encodes an information bit. A PhC resonator provides unique advantages over existing coding particles due to its continuity along the lens focal line which creates a stable ID appearance over wide-angle. In addition, the potential of coding in its volume, rather than on the surface, entitles to a high coding capacity. Two frequency-coded lenses with single and dual defect resonators are EM simulated, fabricated, and experimentally validated in the W-band (75 GHz-110 GHz). Simulated results show that a wide detection angle of 170 • can be achieved where the tag ID is maintained over all angles. A wide retro-directivity of 80 • and 60 • is experimentally demonstrated for frequency-coded lenses by a single defect (single notch) and a dual defect (double notch) PhC resonator, respectively.INDEX TERMS one-dimensional photonic crystal resonator, homogenous lens, Radar Cross Section (RCS), RFID, and coded reflectors.

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Section: A Lens Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [23], we proposed a frequency-coded lens by a different coding structure than those reported in the literature which is a 1D PhC resonator. The coupling of a 1D PhC resonator with a homogeneous lens has been addressed where an increase in RCS by the square of the lens collimation gain was confirmed by measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millimeter-Wave Retro-Directive Frequency Coded Lens by Curved One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Resonator

et al. 2022

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“…Combining coding structures with high RCS reflectors has been introduced in the literature to mainly enhance the RCS and retrodirectivity. In [20]- [22], frequency-coded lenses are proposed based on combining several resonant structures with homogenous and Luneburg lenses. However, homogenous lenses show a limited increase in RCS with the enlargement of the lens size because of high structural reflections, while Luneburg lenses are difficult to fabricate at mmWave and sub-mmWave spectrum.…”

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confidence: 99%

Millimeter Wave Indoor SAR Sensing Assisted With Chipless Tags-Based Self-Localization System: Experimental Evaluation

Batra,

Abbas,

Sánchez-Pastor

et al. 2024

IEEE Sensors J.

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This paper addresses indoor environment mapping by employing the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies. The mmWave-based SAR can provide a high-resolution map for example of an emergency scenario like a burning room. The high-resolution map drives a new era of SAR applications such as object detection, classification, characterization, and precise localization. A major requirement at high frequencies is the precise knowledge of SAR trajectory, where radar sensors are mounted on a mobile platform such as a drone or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). State-of-the-art localization methods such as GPS-aided inertial measurement units are not valid due to limited coverage and accuracy. One of the primary solutions could be the SAR assisted with an indoor localization system, which is exploited in the work. The presented indoor localization system comprises two types of passive chipless frequency-coded tags, based on dielectric resonators and frequency-selective surfaces. In this work, firstly, the proposed method of integrating SAR and localization systems is evaluated in a single-tag environment. Further, a version of a room equipped with a multi-tag system is considered for real-time applications, and a successful demonstration of indoor environment mapping for the frequency spectrum of 75-110 GHz is presented.

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Sub-THz Luneburg lens enabled wide-angle frequency-coded identification tag for passive indoor self-localization

Kaděra

Sánchez-Pastor

Schmitt

et al. 2022

Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol.

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An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 2021 15th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP) and was published in its Proceedings. This paper describes a design, fabrication, and characterization of a planar frequency-coded retroreflector for indoor localization. The retroreflector is fabricated in high-resistive silicon and consists of a Luneburg lens antenna and a photonic crystal high-Q resonator reflective layer, providing ranging and identification within the same tag and bandwidth. The Luneburg lens antenna presents a measured gain of 21.63 dBi at a design frequency of 240 GHz. The frequency-coded retroreflector allows for ranging in a continuous 130 degree angular range in azimuthal plane, with a discrete but repeatable two-resonance identification over multiples of 15 degree. Its maximum measured radar cross-section is −23.48 dBsqm at a frequency of 240 GHz. The retroreflective tag set in ideal line-of-sight situation is compared to a non-line-of-sight arrangement showing the influence of a metallic rod as an obstacle on the overall tag detection parameters. Finally, the successful read-out of the retroreflective tag is discussed in unknown environments, where no a-priori information is available.

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Frequency-Coded Lens by Photonic Crystal Resonator for mm-Wave Chipless RFID Applications

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Millimeter-Wave Retro-Directive Frequency Coded Lens by Curved One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Resonator

Millimeter-Wave Retro-Directive Frequency Coded Lens by Curved One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Resonator

Millimeter Wave Indoor SAR Sensing Assisted With Chipless Tags-Based Self-Localization System: Experimental Evaluation

Sub-THz Luneburg lens enabled wide-angle frequency-coded identification tag for passive indoor self-localization

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