Frequency-domain analysis of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators

Rahimi, Mohammad Mahdi; Jahanbakht, Sajad

doi:10.1364/ao.444345

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…From now on, the RF signal at the EOM input is regarded as the output variable. It is supposed that the RF-BPF significantly attenuates the non-fundamental harmonics of the RF signal such that the output signal is practically single-harmonic [1][2][3][4][5][6][14][15][16].…”

Section: The Dynamics Of the Sloeomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This equation will be exploited shortly. The spectrum vector (SV) of any variable is defined as a column vector containing the complex-valued Fourier series components of that variable [14][15][16]. The SV of a periodic variable is a constant vector, while that of a non-periodic one is a slowly-varying time-dependent vector.…”

Section: System Of Equations In the Spectrum Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many methods have been proposed to address the PN analysis of OEOs, such as the methods based on the PN transfer model and control theory [4,5], the analytical formulations extracted from solving the Langevin equation governing the PN [3,12,13], the conversion matrix approach (CMA) [14][15][16], and the envelopedomain semi Monte Carlo methods [2,6]. The techniques in [3,4,[13][14][15][16] predict singular values for the power spectral density (PSD) of the PN-induced output noise at the zero offset frequency. Both envelope domain methods in [2,6] compute only the PSD of the PN itself, not the PSD of the output variable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For larger frequency offsets such as those of the spurious peaks responses, one can use the classical fast methods of e.g. [3,4,5,[13][14][15][16]. The validity of the new approach is verified by comparing its results with the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), the analytical formulation of [3], and the simulation results of [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate Estimation of the Phase Noise of Delay-Based Optoelectronic Oscillators at Close-in Frequency Offsets

Jahanbakht

2024

Scientia Iranica

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Delay-based optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) use the large propagation delays of long optical fibers to produce ultra-low phase noise (PN) radio frequency (RF) oscillations. Most of the OEO-PN analysis approaches in the literature predict a singular value for the output variable's PN-induced power spectral density (PSD) at zero offset frequency from the carrier. The current paper aims to resolve this issue. First the perturbation theory of classical oscillators is generalized to extract the stochastic delay differential equation (SDDE) governing the PN of OEOs. Then the well-known small delay approximation approach is used to derive a stochastic ordinary differential equation (SODE) governing the PN. Using the previously published solutions to this SODE, the PN-PSD of the OEO is extracted in presence of both white and colored noise sources. As the small delay approximation is only valid for small frequency offsets, the obtained PSDs are only accurate at these offsets. This approach avoids the non-physically large values encountered in classical approaches. For larger frequency offsets one can use the classical noise analysis techniques in the literature. The validity of this approach is verified by comparing its results with those in the literature and direct Monte-Carlo simulations.

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Section: The Dynamics Of the Sloeomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: System Of Equations In the Spectrum Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accurate Estimation of the Phase Noise of Delay-Based Optoelectronic Oscillators at Close-in Frequency Offsets

Jahanbakht

2024

Scientia Iranica

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“…However, there are still several difficulties such as mode-hopping phenomenon, and the existence of spurious modes [5]. In addition, continuously increasing the fiber length will result in a gradual narrowing of the modes spacing [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear dynamics of the dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator based on polarization multiplexing.

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We theoretically investigate the temporal dynamics of the dual-loop OEO based on polarisation multiplexing. The delay-differential equation (DDE) for this dual-loop OEO system is presented. The microwave envelope equation and its stationary solutions are derived. Then, the stability analysis on the stationary solutions is performed and the gain threshold under the different coupling coefficients when the bifurcation occurs is calculated. In addition, the variation of the output microwave amplitude as a function of the loop gain and coupling coefficient is studied. The experimental measurements confirmed the results obtained from the theoretical and numerical analysis.

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Noise analysis of optoelectronic oscillators in the presence of the relative intensity noise of the laser

Jahanbakht¹

2022

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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Optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) have recently been considered very good candidates for producing ultra-low phase noise radio frequency (RF) oscillations. One of the most important noise sources of any OEO is the relative intensity noise (RIN) of the optical field in the optical part of this system. It is the dominant noise source in some OEO cases. The initial source of the RIN is the laser; however, it may be largely enhanced in the fiber by some phenomena such as the guided entropy mode Rayleigh scattering. Here a frequency domain analysis approach is introduced to separately analyze the effect of both the low-frequency RIN (LFRIN) and the high-frequency RIN (HFRIN), i.e., the RIN around the RF harmonics, on both the phase and amplitude noises of the delay-based single-loop/dual-loop OEOs. The presented approach can take into account the RIN at both the input and the output of the optical fibers. The measured or analytical nonlinear gain function of the photodetector and the RF amplifier can be taken into account to accurately characterize the important effect of the amplitude noise to phase noise (AN-PN) conversion. It is shown that the AN-PN conversion can largely enhance the LFRIN-induced phase noise. Also, to a much lesser degree, it can enhance the HFRIN-induced phase noise. Furthermore, it is shown that the AN-PN conversion reduces the HFRIN- and LFRIN-induced amplitude noise. It is also shown that the fibers’ dispersion has a small effect on the phase/amplitude noise power induced by either LFRIN or the HFRIN, especially for smaller fiber lengths. The validity of the new analysis approach is verified by comparing its results with those of the previously published works in the literature.

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Frequency-domain analysis of dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Accurate Estimation of the Phase Noise of Delay-Based Optoelectronic Oscillators at Close-in Frequency Offsets

Accurate Estimation of the Phase Noise of Delay-Based Optoelectronic Oscillators at Close-in Frequency Offsets

Nonlinear dynamics of the dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator based on polarization multiplexing.

Noise analysis of optoelectronic oscillators in the presence of the relative intensity noise of the laser

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