Frequency inconsistency in DFIG-based wind farm during outgoing transmission line faults and its effect on longitudinal differential protection

Wei, Wei; Zhang, Luoma; Gao, Bingtuan; Tang, Yi; Chen, Ning; Zhu, Lingzhi

doi:10.1109/cyber.2014.6917430

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The DFIG, which is also called a Type-3 wind turbine, consists of an asynchronous generator with power electronics. They produces significantly different fault current waveform signatures compared to the synchronous generators (SG) and the fault current has the complex characteristics of having a weak-infeed, frequency deviations and phase-angle controlled [9]- [12]. As a result, the traditional protection scheme based on the phasor measurement might malfunction and the performance of the traditional directional elements designed based on SG system are affected [13], [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Amplitude Differential Protection Scheme Based on the Frequency Spectrum Index for Distribution Networks With DFIG-Based Wind DGs

2020

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the ever-increasing integration of wind power into the distribution network (DN) in the form of distributed generations (DGs), the optimal application environment for the conventional three-stage overcurrent protection no longer exists. Meanwhile, a majority of advanced protection schemes cannot be implemented due to the lack of voltage information and weak communication conditions in DN. As the most typical wind-based DG used in the DN, the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based DG is focused in this paper. First, the frequency and amplitude characteristics of the fault current supplied by a DFIG-based DG are studied. Then, the amplitude differential protection (ADP) scheme is described using the weak-infeed characteristics of the DFIG-based DG. Furthermore, the frequency spectrum index, which is constructed based on the different frequency characteristics of DFIG-based DGs from synchronous generators, is introduced as a regulator factor to further improve the sensitivity of the ADP. Since only the current amplitude information is needed and the strict synchronization of the sampling data at the two ends of the line is not required, the proposed scheme is easy to implement under the limited hardware conditions in present DN. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a high sensitivity to the internal faults and has absolute selectivity for external faults, especially under the existing DG permeability rules. INDEX TERMS Distribution network (DN), distributed generations (DGs), doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), amplitude differential protection (ADP), weak-infeed characteristics, frequency spectrum index.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Amplitude Differential Protection Scheme Based on the Frequency Spectrum Index for Distribution Networks With DFIG-Based Wind DGs

2020

IEEE Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, another adaptive distance protection scheme aiming at the wind farm connection environment is proposed in [15]. As for the pilot protection, more attention is paid to the adaptability problem of the differential pilot protection [16][17][18]. Theoretically, the differential protection can operate correctly with high sensitivity for the internal fault due to the apparent weak-infeed characteristics of the wind farm side by contrast to the power grid side.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is demonstrated in [16] that the differential protection may face the dilemma that it cannot be activated properly due to the limited fault-current feeding capabilities of the wind farms. Meanwhile, the authors of [17,18] illustrated that the frequency deviation feature will also result in the power frequency current phasor cannot be extracted correctly and the malfunction of differential relays. Given all the considerations, some advanced pilot protection schemes are proposed recently from the perspective of using the full-time transient current similarity comparison in [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the DFIG-Based Wind Farm Connection on the Fault Component-Based Directional Relay and a Mitigation Countermeasure

Huang

2020

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With high sensitivity and strong tolerance capability for the fault resistance, the fault component-based directional relay (FCBDR) has drawn considerable attention from industry and academia. However, the best application environment for FCBDR no longer exists when considering the large-scale connection of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms. Through a detailed analysis of the superimposed impedance of DFIG, this paper reveals that the performances of FCBDRs may be shown negatively impacted by the fault behaviors of DFIG when the crowbar protection inputs. In addition, this paper proposes a mitigation countermeasure to deal with those issues. The proposed countermeasure takes advantage of the different superimposed impedance features of DFIG compared with that of the synchronous generator (SG) to enhance the adaptability of the conventional FCBDRs. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed countermeasure can differentiate the fault direction clearly under different fault conditions.

show abstract

“…The network and capacity of the DFIG-based wind farms studied in this paper are based on real wind farms located in Gansu Province in China. We assume that the rotor-crowbar is activated during a short-circuit fault based on the requirement of low-voltage ride through [27,28]. The main contributions of this paper include: (1) the fault behavior of crowbar-protected DFIG-based wind turbines integrated with a power grid is analyzed thoroughly to identify the frequency components of short-circuit current and voltage, which shows the fact that there exists frequency inconsistency for large-scale DFIG-based wind farms integrated with a power grid during faults; (2) following the inconsistent frequency characteristics of the currents, the adaptivity of traditional differential protection on outgoing transformers of large-scale DFIG-based wind farms is investigated and demonstrated with simulations; and (3) several suggestions on improving the reliability of differential protection for large-scale wind farms are proposed.…”

Section: Outgoing Transformermentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Protection for an Outgoing Transformer of Large-Scale Doubly Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Farms

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the rapid development of wind energy, relay protection for large-scale wind farms has been attracting some researchers, due to the absence of standards. Based on the large-scale doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms located in Gansu Province, China, this paper studies the differential protection for the outgoing power transformer of large-scale DFIG-based wind farms. According to the equivalent circuit of the power grid integrated with wind farms, the main frequency components of current and voltage during faults are identified mathematically and then verified by simulations. The results show that the frequencies of current and voltage at the terminals of outgoing transmission lines are inconsistent. Following the feature of frequency inconsistency, the adaptability of differential protection is analyzed, and it is found that differential protection for an outgoing transformer in large-scale wind farms may fail once ignoring the frequency inconsistency. Simulation studies demonstrate that inconsistent frequency characteristics will deteriorate the sensitivity and reliability of differential protection. Finally, several suggestions are provided for improving the performance of relay protections for large-scale DFIG-based wind farms.Energies 2014, 7 5567

show abstract

Frequency inconsistency in DFIG-based wind farm during outgoing transmission line faults and its effect on longitudinal differential protection

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Improved Amplitude Differential Protection Scheme Based on the Frequency Spectrum Index for Distribution Networks With DFIG-Based Wind DGs

Improved Amplitude Differential Protection Scheme Based on the Frequency Spectrum Index for Distribution Networks With DFIG-Based Wind DGs

Impact of the DFIG-Based Wind Farm Connection on the Fault Component-Based Directional Relay and a Mitigation Countermeasure

Differential Protection for an Outgoing Transformer of Large-Scale Doubly Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Farms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About