Frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: The ABO is a blood group system that is responsible for most blood transfusion reactions, transplant rejections and determining some forensic cases. The ABO and Rhesus blood group systems have been shown to show variations in different part of the world and race. Aim: The study is to show the frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups amongst blood donors in Lagos, Nigeria and confirm Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Methods: This is a two-year retrospective study of all blood donors from the two major tertiary health institutions in Lagos State between July 2004 and June 2006. Data from the blood bank records were extracted and analysed using SPSS version 20. Hardy-Weinberg equation was used to confirm if the population is in equilibrium. Results: In all, 11,911 donors were analysed and showed A+ 20.4%, A-0.97%, B+ 16.7%, B-0.87%, AB+ 2.2%, AB-0.17%, O+ 55.6%, O-3.1% and RhD positive frequency is 95.6%. The allelic frequency in this study is O -0.7631, A -0.1303, B -0.1066 and Rh -0.7786. There is no significant difference between the blood group distributions from the two institutions. Conclusion: Blood group O was the commonest blood group seen followed by group A. This is at variance with other studies in Nigeria where blood group B was the second commonest. The population was also found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The study provides important and reliable genogeographical information that can advance the fields of blood transfusion, organ transplantation and forensic medicine in Nigeria.

Phenotype, Allele and Genotype Frequency of ABO and Rhesus D Blood Groups of Blood Donors at the North Gondar District Blood Bank, Northwest Ethiopia

“…In this study, the distribution of the allele A, B, and O were 0.1714, 0.1433 and 0.6859, respectively (allele frequency of O>A>B). This sequence was similar to the study done in Nigeria, 50 Cameroon 51 and Sudan. 52 However, it was different from the studies done in Guinea, 53 Nigeria 54,55 and Madagascar 17 where B allele frequency was higher than A allele frequency (O>B>A).…”

Haemoglobin genotype, ABO and rhesus blood group pattern among students of Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology Ikere, Ekitis state, Nigeria

“…The pattern of rhesus blood group observed in our study was generally consistent with previous studies within Nigeria. 21,23,28,29,31,32,34,35 While we reported a value of 4.0% prevalence for Rhin our study, other studies reported values as low as 2.9% in Yola, Nigeria, 2.3% in Uganda and 1.2% in Gusau, Nigeria. 5,36,37 The study's findings about the low gene frequency of the Rhblood type are advantageous for blood banking and the treatment of diseases like hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).…”

“…This fining is consistent with previous studies. 15,18,23,31,34,35 It has been asserted that, rather than age and gender, factors such as geographic location, natural selection (infectious disease), genetic drift, gene flow between populations, and marriage distance (such as consanguineous and short marriage distance) may all play a role in the distribution of blood groups differences and similarities exist across different populations. 15 In this study the distribution of rhesus positive (Rh + ) blood group (96.0%) was more predominant than rhesus negative (Rh -) blood group (4.0%).…”

Gallbladder diseases in pregnancy: Sonographic findings in an indigenous African population

“…This is at variance with other studies in our locality where blood group B was the second commonest. The population was also found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (22) .…”