Frequency of Comorbidities in Admitting COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients in a Tertiary Care Setup: An Observational Study

Abstract

Background The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly infectious and pandemic disease with a variable mode of action. Patients with underlying illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases are more prone to infection. An understanding of the different comorbidities that place patients at the highest risk of COVID-19 pneumonia and other fatal complications associated with COVID-19 is necessary for healthcare professionals. This study aimed to determine the frequency of different comorbid illnesses among COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology All patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who required admission for the care of their symptoms were included in this observational, cross-sectional study conducted from May 1 to July 30, 2020. The patients were treated at a specialized COVID-19 isolation ward built at the Dow University of Health Sciences at the Ojha campus. The patients were referred from the emergency department, medical and allied wards, and COVID-19 screening units. A detailed history and clinical examination were performed, and comorbidities were evaluated. Results A total of 212 patients were admitted during the study with a mean age of 52 ± 16 years. The study population consisted of 120 (56.6%) males and 92 (43.39%) females, and the most common comorbidities were uncontrolled diabetes with hypertension (n = 56; 26.4%), controlled diabetes (n = 22; 10.37%), obstructive airway disease (n = 16; 7.5%), and interstitial lung disease (n = 14; 6.6%). A total of 48 (22.64%) patients had no comorbidities. Conclusions Most COVID-19-positive patients with pneumonia were male, and common comorbidities included uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension, and obstructive and restrictive lung disease. The presence of comorbidities was associated with a marked increase in the risk of morbidity and mortality. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

Chronic Kidney Disease among COVID-19 Patients Admitted in the Department of Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“… 6 Another similar study done in Karachi, Pakistan showed that CKD as a comorbidity was seen in 2.83% of COVID-19 patients. 9 In A nationwide study done among 1590 hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients in China showed that 2% of patients have CKD as a comorbidity. 10 In other observation studies sought from MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library, the prevalence of CKD was 5.2 %.…”

“…Among 584 COVID-19 patients from 15 years and above hospitalised in the department of medicine of a tertiary care centre, the prevalence of CKD was found to be 7.36% which is slightly higher in comparison to other studies, which ranges from 0.8 -6.5 %. 4,6,[9][10][11] A study done among 445 patients in Lahore, Pakistan concluded that CKD was seen in 6.5% of COVID-19 patients. 4 A study conducted in Hyderabad, India showed that 0.8 % of COVID-19 patients had CKD as a comorbidity.…”

Plasma CRP Level and its Association with Outcome in Patients with Severe Spinal Needles: A Comparative Study COVID-19 Pneumonia

“…In a study done in Iran, dyspnea (72%), fever 15 (61%) and cough (57%) were the most common symptoms.In our study hypertension and type-2 diabetes were two main comorbidities found in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Other studies also found hypertension and type-2 diabetes among most common comorbidity in patients with14,16 severe COVID-19 pneumonia.The findings of this study imply that quantitative CRP analysis can be useful in determining the severity of COVID-19 and may provide additional assistance for clinical treatment strategy planning. The severe COVID-19 group had a higher average CRP values 59.6 mg/l which was consistent with14,17 previous research findings.…”

Outcome of Remdesivir on Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

“…A comorbidity-also called an additional diagnosis-is any concomitant disorder present in addition to the disorder that is the focus of therapy [21]. Here, the focus of treatment was COVID-19 pneumonia;…”