Frequency of DEA 1 antigen in 1037 mongrel and PUREBREED dogs in ITALY

Abstract

BackgroundThe prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA 1) in canine population is approximately 40–60%. Often data are limited to a small number of breeds and/or dogs. The aims of this study were to evaluate frequency of DEA 1 in a large population of purebred and mongrel dogs including Italian native breeds and to recognize a possible association between DEA 1 and breed, sex, and genetic and phenotypical/functional classifications of breeds. Frequencies of DEA 1 blood group collected from screened/enrolled blood donors and from healthy and sick dogs were retrospectively evaluated. The breed and the sex were recorded when available. DEA 1 blood typing was assessed by immunocromatographic test on K3EDTA blood samples. The prevalence of DEA 1 antigen was statistically related to breed, gender, Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and genotypic grouping.ResultsSixty-two per cent dogs resulted DEA 1+ and 38% DEA 1-. DEA 1- was statistically associated with Dogo Argentino, Dobermann, German Shepherd, Boxer, Corso dogs, the molossian dogs, the FCI group 1, 2 and 3 and the genetic groups “working dogs” and “mastiff”. DEA 1+ was statistically associated with Rottweiler, Briquet Griffon Vendéen, Bernese mountain dog, Golden Retriever, the hunting breeds, the FCI group 4, 6, 7 and 8 and the genetic groups “scent hounds” and “retrievers”. No gender association was observed.ConclusionsData obtained by this work may be clinically useful to drive blood donor enrollment and selection among different breeds.

Prevalence of Dal blood type and dog erythrocyte antigens (DEA) 1, 4, and 7 in canine blood donors in Italy and Spain

“…Our study also identified Dal negative dogs in the Cane Corso breed. This finding is of particular interest because the Cane Corso dog is an ancient Italian large breed dog that makes a very good blood donor for a number of reasons: large size (> 25 kg bodyweight), good temperament, easy and readily accessible jugular veins and significant higher DEA 1 and DEA 7 negative prevalence than most of the canine populations previously surveyed [7,9,11]. Our study also confirms the high prevalence of DEA 1 and DEA 7 negative subjects in this breed.…”

“…The DEA 1 is the most studied antigen. Worldwide prevalence of DEA 1 positive dogs has been estimated to be around 50-65% [5][6][7][8][9]. DEA 1 blood type is the most clinically important blood group in terms of transfusion reactions.…”

Survey of Blood Groups DEA 1, DEA 4, DEA 5, Dal, and Kai 1/Kai 2 in Different Canine Breeds From a Diagnostic Laboratory in Germany

“…Overall, 40.8 % of all dogs in our survey were DEA 1-, which is very similar to recent surveys from USA, France, India, and Italy that also utilized the same immunochromatographic method and monoclonal anti-DEA 1 alloantibody (25,27,31,37,40).…”

“…Boxers and Cane Corso from various other European countries and South Africa were also mostly DEA 1-in prior surveys (details in Supplement Table 4). Thus, these breeds may be preferentially considered when recruiting blood donors to increase the DEA 1-donor pool, as suggested previously (25,42) In contrast, the Dalmatians and Pugs in our survey were all DEA 1+, except for one Dalmatian. Also, the Labrador Retriever and Shih Tzu breeds had mostly DEA 1+ dogs.…”

“…Blood typing methods have evolved from tube and card tests to immunochromatographic strip, cartridge, and flow cytometry assays, but additional typing kits for other blood types would be desirable (1,(21)(22)(23)(24). Several limited surveys have been performed for DEA 1, and a few have assessed other blood types in North America and Europe (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), but there have been no comprehensive surveys carried out on a canine population typing for many blood groups.…”