Frequency of FOXP3+ Regulatory T-cells in the Blood of Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Immune Mediated Skin Manifestations; Relationship to Hepatic Condition and Viral Load

Farid, Carmen; Sheikh, Wafaa El; Swelem, Rania; El‐Ghitany, Engy Mohamed

doi:10.7754/clin.lab.2016.160421

Cited by 8 publications

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“…The most frequent skin diseases were vasculitis of small vessels and LP. They noticed that those with cutaneous manifestations had fewer regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood than those without manifestations (82).…”

Section: Mechanisms Involved In the Link Between Lp And Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in the association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection (Review)

et al. 2018

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Lichen planus (LP) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease that particularly affects the skin and mucous membranes. Its etiology remains elusive, however some trigger factors, including viral or bacterial antigens, drugs and metals, have been postulated. There is a higher prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among patients with LP, with some geographical variations. HCV is an enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family and in most instances causes chronic liver infections. It has been hypothesized that HCV may contribute to LP development, but the link between the two disorders is not fully understood. It is still debatable whether HCV leads to the occurrence of LP lesions directly by replication inside the infected cells or indirectly by activating immunological pathways. Molecular studies have revealed HCV RNA in specimens collected from patients with LP. The autoimmune theory was also suggested given that several studies have revealed viral replication and immune response activation associated with autoantibody synthesis. The aim of this review is to summarize the main potential mechanisms involved in the association between LP and HCV infection. Understanding the link between the two disorders may shed some light on the pathogenesis of LP, which is a challenging issue.

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Section: Mechanisms Involved In the Link Between Lp And Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in the association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection (Review)

et al. 2018

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“…It should be noted that the role of Treg cells in viral infections is complex. For some viral infections like hepatitis C virus (HCV), higher Treg cells in hepatic tissue and peripheral blood have been found to correlate with chronic HCV infection and HCV‐associated skin lesions, respectively. In contrast, lower numbers of circulating Treg cells have been observed in patients with progressive HIV disease compared with HIV‐negative controls and patients who are HIV‐positive with controlled infection .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐sectional associations between cutaneous viral infections and regulatory T lymphocytes in circulation

Hampras¹,

Tommasino

Zhao³

et al. 2019

Br J Dermatol

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Summary Background Cutaneous viral infections and immune suppression are risk factors for some forms of nonmelanoma skin cancer; however, their interrelationship is poorly understood. Objectives To examine cross‐sectional associations between cutaneous viral infections and circulating forkhead‐box P3 (FOXP3)‐expressing T‐regulatory (Treg) cells, suppressive cells that dampen effective antitumour immunity. Materials and methods Blood, eyebrow hair (EBH) and skin swab (SSW) samples were collected from 352 patients 60 years and older undergoing skin screening, without prevalent skin cancer, while participating in an ongoing prospective cohort study of cutaneous viral infections and skin cancer. DNA corresponding to 98 cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) types and five human polyomaviruses (HPyV) was assessed in EBH and SSW. Distinct classes of circulating Treg‐cell subpopulations were defined by flow cytometry including cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) and CCR4high Treg cells, both previously associated with cutaneous diseases. Age‐ and sex‐adjusted associations between circulating T‐cell populations and infection were estimated using logistic regression. Results Total Treg‐cell proportion in peripheral blood was not associated with β HPV or HPyV infection. However, the proportion of circulating CLA+ Treg cells was inversely associated with γ HPV EBH infection [odds ratio (OR) 0·54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·35–0·84]. Interestingly, circulating Treg cells expressing markers indicative of antigen activation (CD27–CD45RA–FOXP3+CD4+) were also inversely associated with γ HPV infection in SSW (OR 0·55, 95% CI 0·30–0·99) and EBH (OR 0·56, 95% CI 0·36–0·86). Conclusions Inverse associations between circulating Treg cells and γ HPV infection suggest that localized viral infection may promote immunosuppressive cell migration into skin.

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“…This intensity of the CD8 + response would be facilitated by a decrease in both amount and efficacy of Treg cells (i.e. CD4+, CD25 + and FoxP3+), since the greater the amount of Treg cells, the lesser the extension of hepatic fibrosis (Claassen, Knegt, Tilanus, Janssen, & Boonstra, ; Farid et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The correlation between HCV infection and OLP might be explained by mechanisms which allow continuous replication of the virus, resulting in both persistent immune activation and systemic inflammation and having subsequently a clinical impact on the progression of liver disease and development of extra‐hepatic manifestations (EHMs) (Fahey, Dempsey, & Long, ; Zampino et al, ). The presence of EHMs is linked to the direct effect of HCV on lymphoid cells, which includes infection and persistence of the virus in B and T lymphocytes (Kondo & Shimosegawa, ), and to autoimmune events (Böckle & Sepp, ) triggered by the virus, which consists of chronic stimulation of B lymphocytes, altered function and decreased amount of regulatory T cells (Treg) (Boyer et al, ; Farid, Sheikh, Swelem, & El‐Ghitany, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subset of CD8+ and FOXP3 + T cells in lichen planus associated with chronic hepatitis C infection

et al. 2019

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Objective: To verify whether there are differences between populations of CD8 + and FoxP3 + T cells in lesions of oral lichen planus associated with hepatitis C virus chronic infection (OLP-HCV) and lesions of idiopathic oral lichen planus (OLP-I). Materials and Methods:A case-control study was performed using a convenience sample of 11 paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of OLP-HCV and 19 of OLP-I.Histological sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin were used to classify the intensity of inflammatory infiltrate. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify CD8 + and FoxP3 + T cells. The count of positive cells was compared between the two groups and correlated to clinical and demographic data (p < 0.05).Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of CD8 + and FoxP3 + T cells regarding the inflammatory infiltrate in lesions of OLP-HCV and OLP-I. Atrophic/erosive lesions showed a higher relationship between counts of CD8/FoxP3 T cells per mm 2 (p = 0.018) and counts of CD8 + T cells per mm 2 (p = 0.034) in OLP-HCV group compared to OLP-I group.Conclusion: Overall, no difference was found between cell populations in the lesions of OLP-HCV and OLP-I. However, atrophic/erosive lesions of OLP-HCV had a higher amount of CD8 + T cells and lower FoxP3 expression. K E Y W O R D SCD8, extra-hepatic manifestations, FoxP3, hepatitis C, oral lichen planus | 1101 de CAMARGO et Al. de CAMARGO et Al. | CON CLUS IONAlthough the present study has evidenced greater amount of CD8 + T cells and higher ratio of CD8/FoxP3 + cells in erosive/ulcerated lesions in the OLP-HCV group compared to the OLP-I group, more studies should be carried out to confirm this trend and to assess whether this characteristic can actually influence the treatment of this type of LP. CO N FLI C T S O F I NTE R E S TNone to declare. AUTH O R CO NTR I B UTI O N SCamargo AR performed data collection and tabulation. Tenório JR and Martins F participated in the acquisition of histological sections and immunohistochemical staining. Grando LJ and Corrêa EBD performed the statistical analyzes. Trierveiler M participated as a reviewer and did the immunohistochemical analysis. Ortega KL designed the study and participated in all phases of article review.

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Frequency of FOXP3+ Regulatory T-cells in the Blood of Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Immune Mediated Skin Manifestations; Relationship to Hepatic Condition and Viral Load

Abstract: HCV-associated skin lesions are associated with low frequency of Treg cells. They are not related to liver enzymes or viral load; however, they are associated with a more advanced gross liver insult.

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in the association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection (Review)

Potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in the association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection (Review)

Cross‐sectional associations between cutaneous viral infections and regulatory T lymphocytes in circulation

Subset of CD8+ and FOXP3 + T cells in lichen planus associated with chronic hepatitis C infection

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