Frequency of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 Alleles and Haplotype Association in Syrian Population

Abstract

The study of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system is very important in health and diseases. As the HLA loci are the most polymorphic in the human genome, it plays a very important role in the immune responses to self and nonself antigens. In the light of the growing importance of typing the HLA alleles in transplantation, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and many other diseases, we studied 225 unrelated healthy Syrian subjects for their HLA class II genotypes in an attempt to reveal the distribution of the HLA (DRB1-DQB1) alleles in the general Syrian population. Our results revealed that the most common alleles for the DRB1 locus were DRB1*11 (26.4%), DRB1*04 (14%), and DRB1*07 (12%). However, the most frequent alleles for the DQB1 locus were DQB1*03 (40.9%) and DQB1*05 (25.1%). The frequent of two-locus haplotypes carry the most frequent alleles at these loci. The most frequently detected class II ''haplotypes'' are DRB1*11-DQB1*03 (8.9%), DRB1*01-DQB1*05 (3.6%), and DRB1*04-DQB1*03 (2.7%). Compared with other populations, our result, deduced from the analysis of genetic distances and the construction of neighbor-joining (NJ) dendrogram, and principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that Syrians are related to Middle Eastern populations. Our data about the Syrian population will aid researchers in studying the relation of HLA class II with different diseases in a Syrian population and will add to the available international literature associated with these loci.

Distribution of HLA-B Alleles and Haplotypes in Qatari: Recommendation for Establishing Pharmacogenomic Markers Screening for Drug Hypersensitivity

“…The most frequently observed HLA-B alleles were B*50:01 (18.21%), B*51: 01 (17.35%), B*08:01 (7.24%), and B*07:02 (4.64%). These most frequent HLA-B alleles and genotype were very similar to the findings reported for the Kuwaiti (Ameen et al, 2020), Saudi Arabian (Hajeer et al, 2013;Jawdat et al, 2020), and Omani (Williams et al, 2001) populations, and exhibited comparable frequencies to those of the surrounding Arab populations, such as the Jordanian (Elbjeirami et al, 2013), Tunisian (Hajjej et al, 2015), and Syrian (Jazairi et al, 2016;Ikhtiar et al, 2018) populations. This was not the case regarding HLA-B allele studies in other populations from Thailand (Puangpetch et al, 2015), China (Middleton et al, 2004), Singapore (Williams et al, 2001), Malaysia (Jinam et al, 2010), and European American (Creary et al, 2019), which are not close geographically.…”

“…Several previous studies were conducted on the HLA-B AF, covering different GCC countries, including Oman, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates (Williams et al, 2001;Hajeer et al, 2013;Ameen et al, 2020;Jawdat et al, 2020). In addition, similar studies were conducted in other Arabic countries, including Libya, Tunisia, Syria, and Jordan (Elbjeirami et al, 2013;Hajjej et al, 2015;Jazairi et al, 2016;Ikhtiar et al, 2018). However, there is a lack of data regarding AF in Qatar compared with the remainder of the Arabic countries (Table 1).…”

The Frequency of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and II Alleles and the Relationship Between Haplotypes in Gilaks Population of Iran

“…DRB1*11 has the highest allele frequency in Iran, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan as well as the second most common allele in Turkey, the third and fourth in Austria and Tunisia, and the sixth in the Saudi Arabia and France. This allele is detected with minor frequencies in China and Korea [21]. The frequency of DRB1*11 in Iranian ethnics, including Charmahal and Bakhtiyari, Yazd, Mashhad, and Fars are 16%, 24.4%, 24.8%, 24.8%, and 25%, respectively [2,4,6,18].…”

HLA allele and haplotype frequencies in Kazakhstani Russians and their relationship with other populations

“…Study subjects presented initially as healthy donors for bone marrow, kidney, and liver transplants, and none were related to other study subjects. The origin and size of the populations used for comparative purposes are detailed in Supplementary Table 1 7–29 . These were chosen to cover close communities/populations, as well as distant populations who are related to the study population.…”