Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients: Findings From a Lower Middle Income Country

Qasim, Saeeda Fouzia; Jami, Ajmaal; Imran, Paras; Mushtaque, Romana; Khan, Rashid

doi:10.7759/cureus.11975

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is considered one of the most notable causes of chronic liver disease worldwide[ 1 ]. Not only does HCV infection confer the risk of developing chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it also has many extrahepatic manifestations, such as disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, polyarthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis, vascular atheromatous disease, mixed cryoglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative diseases, renal disorders, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), sicca syndrome, and autoimmune disorders[ 2 - 4 ]. Different metabolic aspects of HCV are demonstrated in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic aspects of hepatitis C virus

El-Kassas¹,

Awad²

2022

WJG

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Many metabolic factors are associated with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and can influence the course of the illness and impact the progression of liver and non-liver-related diseases through complex interactions. Several of these factors impact the course of chronic HCV (CHC) and result in the conceptual translation of CHC from a localized to systemic disease. Besides the traditional liver manifestations associated with CHC infection, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, various extrahepatic disorders are associated with HCV infection, including atherosclerosis, glucose and lipid metabolic disturbances, alterations in the iron metabolic pathways, and lymphoproliferative diseases. The coexistence of metabolic disorders and CHC is known to influence the chronicity and virulence of HCV and accelerates the progression to liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Insulin resistance is one of the key factors that have a tremendous metabolic impact on CHC. Therefore, there is a great need to properly evaluate patients with CHC infection and correct the modifiable metabolic risk factors. Furthermore, patients with HCV who achieved a sustained virological response showed an overall improvement in glucose metabolism, but the exact evidence still requires further studies with long-term follow-up. This review delineates the most recent evidence on the main metabolic factors associated with CHC and the possible influence of chronic HCV infection on metabolic features.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic aspects of hepatitis C virus

El-Kassas¹,

Awad²

2022

WJG

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Metabolic syndrome severity z-score in non-diabetic non-obese Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis c virus infection

Askar,

Hagag,

Ismail

et al. 2024

Futur J Pharm Sci

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Background The risks of heart disease, resistance of insulin, and diabetes mellitus type II are increased in individuals diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, there is an increase in the vascular and neurological effects. This study aimed to assess the isolated independent impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV) on metabolic syndrome, excluding obesity and diabetes mellitus as common risks, this impact was assessed using the metabolic syndrome Severity Z-score (MetS Z-Score) which was initially designed to assess metabolic disease severity itself. Fifty-one HCV patients non-obese and non-diabetic who visited the Tropical Medicine Department from July 2023 to June 2024 were included in our prospective cross sectional study. Results After calculation of MetS Z-Score, strong correlations were observed between MetS Z-score and the following data: HDL, fasting insulin, fasting blood sugar, HOMA-IR and hypertension (P value < 0.05). Moreover, The MetS Z-Score was found to have higher values in hypertensive patients. Jaundice shows a near to significance correlation with the MetS Z-Score. Anemia, hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia were observed in the included HCV patients. Low density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol and triglycerides have shown higher levels than normal in the included HCV patients. Conclusion The MetS Z-score can be used for determining the severity of metabolic abnormalities in HCV patients who are neither diabetic nor obese.

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Evaluation of Dyslipidaemia in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis in a Lower Socio-Economic Country

Jabeen,

Rehman,

Mobin

et al. 2024

PJHS

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Patients having chronic viral hepatitis do have disturbances in their serum lipid profiles, still the monitoring of dyslipidemia is not a routine part of management in low socio economic countries. Objective: To investigate the status of lipid profile among patients with chronic hepatitis and compare them with non-infected individuals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi, from 5th September 2022 to 31st May 2023. Patients with chronic hepatitis B and C, diagnosed within two years with a body mass index (BMI) of 25-29.9 kg/m2 were included. Their comparison was done with non-infected individuals of the same BMI. All patients were evaluated with different parameters of lipid profile along with haemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase, albumin and international normalized ratio. Results: Among 521 participants of the study, the grouping was almost equal. The age range was 12-75 years, with an increased number of females in each group. In comparing the different statuses of lipid profile, each parameter including cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, all were significantly much less in patients with chronic viral hepatitis as compared to controls with a p-value of 0.000 in all. Conclusions: It was concluded that Dyslipidaemia is not common among chronic viral hepatitis patients’ despite being overweight, particularly among patients with child’s class A.

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Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients: Findings From a Lower Middle Income Country

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Metabolic aspects of hepatitis C virus

Metabolic aspects of hepatitis C virus

Metabolic syndrome severity z-score in non-diabetic non-obese Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis c virus infection

Evaluation of Dyslipidaemia in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis in a Lower Socio-Economic Country

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