Frequency of the No Mark Leaflet Allele in Red Clover

Bortnem, R.; Boe, Arvid

doi:10.2135/cropsci2002.0634

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In some cases, morphological markers for traits of agronomic importance have been utilized (McLean & Nowak 2000), and leaf marking has been used in both white and red clover as a morphological marker and DUS (Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability) character (Bortnem & Boe 2002) and to monitor changes in white clover morphology in mixed swards (Fothergill et al 2001). Isozyme loci have also been used as markers (Xie & Mosjidis 1999).…”

Section: Classical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in breeding perennial clovers for temperate agriculture

2005

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Abberton, M. T., Marshall, A. H. (2005). Progress in breeding perennial clovers for temperate agriculture: centenary review. Journal of Agricultural Science, 143 (2-3), 117-135White clover (Trifolium repens L.) and red clover (T. pratense L.) are the most important legumes of temperate pastures. The former is used largely in systems based around sheep or cattle grazing and is grown together with a companion grass. Breeding aims to optimize the white clover contribution to the sward. This means that yield per se is not the aim but rather to take full advantage of the benefits of white clover; in particular, nitrogen fixation, high protein content, digestibility, mineral content and high intake. The objective is an agronomically and, as far as possible, nutritionally balanced sward, thus persistence of white clover and yield stability over a number of years are key goals. A considerable focus of germplasm improvement has therefore been overcoming biotic and abiotic stresses to clover performance. The former include not only pests and diseases but also the impact of the ruminant animal and the competitive interaction with the companion grass, while abiotic stress could be loosely defined as ?winter hardiness? and ?summer survival? depending on the site. In recent years the focus of many breeding efforts has shifted to give more consideration to the effects of variation within white clover germplasm on animal performance and the environment. Beneficial effects on productivity have been known for many years, but recent studies of the impact of forage diets on meat and milk quality have opened up new opportunities for improvement. Diffuse pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural sources is high on the environmental protection agenda of many governments. Breeding efforts are now being made to reduce the contribution of clovers to both direct (leaching) and indirect (through animal returns) pollution. In particular, recent insights into mechanisms affecting protein breakdown in the rumen and silo offer new prospects for breeding interventions to reduce environmental impacts. Molecular marker methods are being developed in white clover and the transfer and use of resources and information accumulating in the model legumes Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus is likely to be a major route by which the power of genomic approaches is translated into forage legume improvement. Hybrids of white clover and related species have been developed to introgress key traits; namely, drought tolerance, grazing tolerance of large leaf types and enhanced seed yield, for which only limited genetic variation is present within the white clover gene pool. Red clover is less persistent than white clover, is typically cut three or more times in a season and is used to make silage for winter feed. Although it is often grown with a companion grass, monocultures are common and yield per se as well as persistency and pest and disease resistance are major breeding aims. Fewer agronomic studies and less germplasm improvement have bee...

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Section: Classical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in breeding perennial clovers for temperate agriculture

2005

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“…A core collection was developed for red clover based on morphological and physiological descriptors (Kouamé and Quesenberry 1993). However, the collection was investigated by only few studies using morphologic Boe 2002, Bortnem andBoe 2003) or biochemical traits (Mosjidis and Klingler 2006). Knowledge of the amount and distribution of genetic variability within a species is vital to plant breeders when selecting germplasm to be included in a breeding program (Yu et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of genetic diversity in the core collection of red clover (Trifolium pratense) with isozyme and RAPD markers

Dias¹,

Pretz²,

Dall'Agnol³

et al. 2008

CBAB

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-The genetic diversity in the red clover USA core collection was measured by RAPD and isozyme markers, comparing different approaches of isozyme data analysis and comparing the results of RAPD with those of isozymes. A total of 15 isozyme loci and 114 RAPD fragments were analyzed. Genetic diversity measured with RAPD and isozymes was high. The analyses of isozymes as binary data was highly correlated with the allele-frequency approach. There was no correlation between the distance matrices of different markers. Isozyme data grouped the accessions of red clover in four groups. The variation evidenced by AMOVA was higher among and within groups in the populations than at the intra-population level.Results showed the high diversity in the red clover core collection and indicated some populations that could be used in breeding programs of the crop in Brazil.

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Genetic diversity in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) revealed by morphological and microsatellite (SSR) markers

et al. 2007

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The NPGS-USDA core collection with 85 accessions of red clover, an important forage species, is little described. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the diversity of a set of accessions from the core collection at the morphological and molecular level in order to extract some valuable accessions for Brazilian red clover breeding programs. Twentyone morphological traits, collected in field and greenhouse in South Brazil, and seven SSR markers were used to describe 57 accessions from the U.S. core collection and one population cultivated in Southern Brazil. Variation between accessions was large for most of the 21 morphological traits. A cluster analysis based on the morphological traits revealed five distinct clusters that separated the populations according to flowering earliness, as already described, but also according to persistency, growth habit and dry matter productivity. Over seven SSR loci, the number of alleles averaged 11.1 alleles per locus. Genetic diversity measured with SSR markers was high, with a mean expected heterozygosity of 0.86. An analysis of molecular variance revealed that the largest proportion of variation (83.6%) resided at the within population level. Although the molecular markers also separated accessions into five clusters, there was no coincidence between the composition of groups found with morphological and molecular data. Use of genetic diversity in breeding programs requires to use the most promising populations, to combine positive traits such as persistency and forage yield, and probably to use within population variation to detect valuable genotypes that could be used as parents of synthetic varieties.

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Frequency of the No Mark Leaflet Allele in Red Clover

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Progress in breeding perennial clovers for temperate agriculture

Progress in breeding perennial clovers for temperate agriculture

Analysis of genetic diversity in the core collection of red clover (Trifolium pratense) with isozyme and RAPD markers

Genetic diversity in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) revealed by morphological and microsatellite (SSR) markers

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