Frequency participation by using virtual inertia in wind turbines including energy storage

Abstract

Abstract-With the increase of wind generation penetration, power fluctuations and weak inertia may attempt to the power system frequency stability. In this paper, in order to solve this problem, a hierarchical control strategy is proposed for permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind turbine (WT) and battery unit (BU). A central controller forecasts wind speed and determines system operation states to be sent to the local controllers. These local controllers include MPPT, virtual inertia, and pitch control for the WT; and power control loops for the BU. The proposed approach achieve at the same time both output power smoothing and frequency participation. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in different scenarios.

A Simulation Model for Providing Analysis of Wind Farms Frequency and Voltage Regulation Services in an Electrical Power System

“…To increase the capabilities of frequency control in systems with a significant number of WFs, a feedback loop with a frequency-dependent signal is added to the WF active power control system [10,11,48]. To enhance this effect, WFs are also combined with energy storage [49][50][51][52]. The existing systems make it possible to obtain additional active power for control purposes with a value of even 5-10% of the rated power for a time dependent on the value of the inertia constant [53,54].…”