Frequency versus time domain immunity testing of Smart Grid components

Abstract

Abstract. Smart Grid components often are subject to considerable conducted current disturbances in the frequency range 2-150 kHz and, as a consequence, it is necessary to provide reliable immunity test methods. The relevant basic standard IEC 61000-4-19 that is currently under discussion focusses on frequency domain test methods. It is remarked in this contribution that in the context of frequency domain testing the chosen frequency spacing is related to the resonance response of the system under test which, in turn, is characterized in terms of resonance frequencies and quality factors. These notions apply well to physical system but it is pointed out by the example of an actual smart meter immunity test that smart grid components may exhibit susceptibilities that do not necessarily follow a resonance pattern and, additionally, can be narrowband. As a consequence it is suggested to supplement the present frequency domain test methods by time domain tests which utilize damped sinusoidal excitations with corresponding spectra that properly cover the frequency range 2-150 kHz, as exemplified by the military standard MIL-STD-461.

Some advanced parametric methods for assessing waveform distortion in a smart grid with renewable generation

“…These DG units can be interfaced to the grid through either partially rated power converters or full-scale power electronic devices that can inject harmonic currents that cause voltage distortions [6][7][8]. Therefore, there is a pressing need to study the impacts of such DG systems on waveform distortions in distribution networks [9]. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to apply some of the advanced methods for the assessment of the waveform distortions that are caused by different configurations of PVSs and WTSs [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Electromagnetic interference on static energy meters due to residential emissions

“…In this regard, it is of importance to also review the frequency range from 2 kHz until 150 kHz, because there is a lack of civil standards in this frequency range as was already indicated in previous research [17]. For example, this gap was addressed considering the static energy meter [47], the smart grid components [48], or the connected equipment that consist of power electronic converters [49]. This frequency range has gained interest for the development…”