Frequent Genital HSV-2 Shedding among Women during Labor in Soweto, South Africa

Perti, Tara; Nyati, Mandisa; Gray, Glenda; Bruyn, Guy de; Selke, Stacy; Magaret, Amalia; Huang, Meei Li; Velaphi, Sithembiso; Corey, Lawrence; Wald, Anna

doi:10.1155/2014/258291

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The prevalence varies from country to country, which is well illustrated by the fact that in Nigeria 99.4 % of pregnant women were seropositive for anti‐HSV‐1 and HSV‐2 IgG antibodies, while in South Africa the seroprevalence of HSV‐2 infection was 58.7 %. Ethiopia had the lowest rate of African countries, with 32.1 % . Similar to Ethiopia, the overall weighted prevalence of HSV‐2 was 31.4 % in Haiti, while in Korea, Kim et al.…”

Section: Prevalence Incidence and Burden Of The Diseasementioning

confidence: 92%

Vertical transmission of herpes simplex virus: an update

Bhatta

Keyal

Liu

et al. 2018

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and -2 infections are highly prevalent worldwide. HSV infection during pregnancy can result in neonatal herpes infection, which is characterized by lifelong infection with periods of latency and reactivation. HSV can be acquired by an infant during one of three periods: in utero (5 %), peripartum (85 %), or postnatal (10 %). Neonatal HSV is a rare but significant infection that may be associated with severe morbidity and mortality, especially if there is dissemination or central nervous system involvement. Diagnostic and therapeutic advances have led to a reduction in mortality and, to a lesser extent, improvement of neurodevelopmental outcomes, but further developments are still needed. It is essential to improve the clinician's ability to identify infants who are at increased risk of HSV infection and to prevent mother-to-child transmission. The development of novel antiviral agents with higher efficacy is a worthwhile aim for the future.

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Section: Prevalence Incidence and Burden Of The Diseasementioning

confidence: 92%

Vertical transmission of herpes simplex virus: an update

Bhatta

Keyal

Liu

et al. 2018

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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“…Using the U L _U S file, Circos software (version 0.64) was used to create a genetic map showing the presence of base substitutions in the open reading frame (coding) regions of the genome (75). Among all identified base substitutions from the 38 sequences from unique participants and SD90e, only base substitutions with a valid base call at that position in at least 20 of the sequences were included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly conserved intragenic HSV-2 sequences: Results from next-generation sequencing of HSV-2 UL and US regions from genital swabs collected from 3 continents

et al. 2017

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Introduction Understanding the variability in circulating herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) genomic sequences is critical to the development of HSV-2 vaccines. Methods Genital lesion swabs containing ≥107 log10 copies HSV DNA collected from Africa, the USA, and South America underwent next-generation sequencing, followed by K-mer based filtering and de novo genomic assembly. Sites of heterogeneity within coding regions in unique long and unique short (UL_US) regions were identified. Phylogenetic trees were created using maximum likelihood reconstruction. Results Among 46 samples from 38 persons, 1468 intragenic base-pair substitutions were identified. The maximum nucleotide distance between strains for concatenated UL_US segments was 0.4%. Phylogeny did not reveal geographic clustering. The most variable proteins had non-synonymous mutations in <3% of amino acids. Conclusions Unenriched HSV-2 DNA can undergo next-generation sequencing to identify intragenic variability. The use of clinical swabs for sequencing expands the information that can be gathered directly from these specimens.

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“…The present study found a high prevalence of HSV-1 from urine samples compared to HSV-2 (48.3 and 10.7%, respectively) when real-time PCR assay was used. A study conducted in Soweto, South Africa showed that 17% of pregnant women shed HSV2 (Perti et al, 2014). Similarly, studies conducted in South West of Iran showed that the HSV-1 sero-prevalence (79.2%) was higher than HSV-2 (23.3%) (Tayyebi and Sharifi, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prevalence of HSV1 and HSV2 among HIV Patients in Northern South Africa as Determined by Real Time PCR in Urine Samples

Samie¹,

Mnisi²,

Ramantswana³

2017

American Journal of Infectious Diseases

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The present study determined the prevalence of HSV-1 and 2 among HIV patients in Northern South Africa and identified potential risk factors. Urine samples were collected from patients attending different HIV clinics in Limpopo Province. Total genomic DNA was isolated from these samples using GenElute Blood Genomic DNA Kit and real time PCR protocols were used for the detection of HSV1 and HSV2. Demographic, clinical and socioeconomic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The overall prevalence of HSV1 was 48.5% while that of HSV2 was 10.8% from a total of 308 samples. The prevalence of HSV1 was higher among females while that of HSV2 did not vary between males and females. Patients on zidovudine had a much lower prevalence. Patients who had TB (χ 2 = 9.128; p = 0.003), seemed to have a much higher susceptibility to HSV-1.However, this was not the case with HSV2. CD4 count and viral load did not seem to have any impact of the occurrence of HSV among these patients. Urine samples appear to be a useful alternative for the detection of the HSV. Generally, history of TB, usage of certain ARVs and early age of sexual debut appeared to be important risk factors for HSV.

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Frequent Genital HSV-2 Shedding among Women during Labor in Soweto, South Africa

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Vertical transmission of herpes simplex virus: an update

Vertical transmission of herpes simplex virus: an update

Highly conserved intragenic HSV-2 sequences: Results from next-generation sequencing of HSV-2 UL and US regions from genital swabs collected from 3 continents

Prevalence of HSV1 and HSV2 among HIV Patients in Northern South Africa as Determined by Real Time PCR in Urine Samples

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