Frequent Silencing of RASSF1A via Promoter Methylation in Follicular Thyroid Hyperplasia

Brown, Taylor C.; Juhlin, C. Christofer; Healy, James M.; Prasad, Manju L.; Korah, Reju; Carling, Tobias

doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2014.1694

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Taking into account the rapid regrowth of the nodule where we found a follicular carcinoma ( Figure 1(b) ), it should be evaluated whether RFA might promote neoplastic cell transformation or the progression of undetected thyroid cancers. This is an important issue to address before recommending RFA for Thy3 nodules, since these nodules are considered premalignant precursors of follicular carcinoma [ 23 ], if they are not already a cytologically undetected thyroid cancer [ 19 ]. A few reports have already raised the issue of tumor regrowth in thyroid [ 24 ] as well as nonthyroid cancers [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical and Pathological Changes after Radiofrequency Ablation of Thyroid Nodules

Dobrinja

Bernardi

Fabris

et al. 2015

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Background. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been recently advocated as an effective technique for the treatment of symptomatic benign thyroid nodules. It is not known to what extent it may affect any subsequent thyroid surgery and/or histological diagnosis. Materials and Methods. RFA was performed on 64 symptomatic Thy2 nodules (benign nodules) and 6 symptomatic Thy3 nodules (follicular lesions/follicular neoplasms). Two Thy3 nodules regrew after the procedure, and these patients accepted to undergo a total thyroidectomy. Here we present how RFA has affected the operation and the final pathological features of the surgically removed nodules. Results and Conclusions. RFA is effective for the treatment of Thy2 nodules, but it should not be recommended as first-line therapy for the treatment of Thy3 nodules (irrespective of their mutational status), as it delays surgery in case of malignancy. Moreover, it is unknown whether RFA might promote residual tumor progression or neoplastic progression of Thy3 lesions. Nevertheless, here we show for the first time that one session of RFA does not affect subsequent thyroid surgery and/or histological diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical and Pathological Changes after Radiofrequency Ablation of Thyroid Nodules

Dobrinja

Bernardi

Fabris

et al. 2015

International Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Phosphorylation β loss of function in prostate cancer [119], CCL: overexpression inhibits cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in HepG2 cells [87] Mouse double KO: cholangiocarcinoma [46,101], HCC [120] Decreased mRNA level in tumour associated with node metastasis [121], mouse double KO: crypt dysplasia, colon adenoma [46,78,120] RASSF1, RASSF1A TSG: promoter hypermethylation and decrease expression in cancer: thyroid [122], oesophageal [123], prostate [124], colorectal, breast [125] TSG; promoter hypermethylation and decrease expression in CRC [126,127] SAV1, Salvador TSG: LOH and downregulation in renal cell carcinoma [128], no gene mutation in stomach, liver and lung cancer [129] CCL: overexpression induces apoptosis in MCF-7 cells [130] No gene mutation in CRC [129] LATS1 TSG: decrease expression in cancer: glioma [131], NSLC [132], sarcoma [133] and astrocytoma [134]. CCL: LATS1 degradation inhibits apoptosis in MCF10A cells [135] TSG: promoter hypermethylation and mRNA decrease in CRC [86] LATS2 TSG: decrease expression in: malignant mesothelioma (and LOH) [136], NSLC (no mutation found) [137] and astrocytoma [134] OG: overexpression in AML [138], nosopharyngeal carcinoma [139] TSG: downregulation in CRC [87] …”

Section: Stk4 Mst1 and Stk3 Mst2mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hippo pathway in colorectal cancer

Wierzbicki

Rybarczyk

2015

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one the most frequently diagnosed neoplastic diseases worldwide. Currently, aside from traditional chemotherapy, advanced CRCs are treated with modern drugs targeting cellular components such as epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR). Since up to 70% of metastasized CRCs are drug resistant, the description of recent progress in cellular homeostasis regulation may shed new light on the development of new molecular targets in cancer treatment. The Hippo pathway has recently become subject of intense investigations since it plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and tumourigenesis. Components of the Hippo pathway are deregulated in various human malignancies, and expression levels of its major signal transducers were proposed as prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. In this review we focused on recent data regarding Hippo pathway, its up-stream signals and down-stream effectors. Hippo negatively regulates its major effectors, YAP1 and TAZ kinases, which act as transcriptional co-activators inducing expression of genes involved not only in tissue repair and proliferation but are also oncoproteins involved in tumour development and progression. The deregulation of Hippo pathway components was found in many malignancies. The interactions between Hippo and Wnt/b-catenin signalling, crucial in the maintenance of cell homeostasis, have been described in relation to the control of intestinal stem cell proliferation and CRC development. The recently discovered positive feedback loop between activated YAP1 and increased EGFR/KRAS signalling found in oesophageal, ovarian and hepatocellular cancer has been related to the CRC progression and resistance to EGFR inhibitors during CRC therapy.

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“…Along with these genetic factors, epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of various types of cancers 20. Epigenetic alterations, such as aberrant promoter methylation, can yield powerful biomarkers for early detection of diseases 21, 22, 23. A previous research of Belinsky et al24 displayed that aberrant methylation of the p16 might be involved in hepatocellular cancer, which might be a novel biomarker for early detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HORMAD2 methylation‐mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression in thyroid cancer

Lin

Hou

Guan

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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This study is aimed to investigate the methylation level of candidate genes and its impact on thyroid carcinoma (THCA) development. Infinium Human Methylation 450 BeadChip Arrays by Illumina (Illumina HM450K) was the most popular CpG microarray platform widely used in biological and medical research. The methylation level of differentially expressed genes and their corresponding CpG sites were analysed by R programme. The expression of HORMAD2 was evaluated by qRT‐PCR and Western blot, while the methylation level was examined via methylation‐specific PCR. Cell viability, metastasis, cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by MTT assay, transwell and wound healing assay and flow cytometry, respectively, after treatment with 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine (5‐Aza). Tumour formation assay was used to analyse thyroid tumour growth in nude mice in vivo. The methylation levels of all 116 differentially expressed genes were analysed. HORMAD2 was significantly hypermethylated and its mRNA expression was inhibited in THCA cells. After treatment with 5‐Aza, HORMAD2 expression was up‐regulated in THCA cells and its overexpression can suppress thyroid cancer cell viability, mobility and invasiveness remarkably. Up‐regulation of HORMAD2 in THCA cells could prolong G0/G1 phase and shorten S phase to impede cell mitosis as well as promote thyroid cancer cells apoptosis. Furthermore, tumour formation assay showed that increased HORMAD2 level impeded tumour growth in vivo. Hypermethylation of HORMAD2 could induce THCA progression, while hypomethylation of HORMAD2 retard cell growth and mobility and facilitate apoptosis through increasing its mRNA expression.

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Frequent Silencing of RASSF1A via Promoter Methylation in Follicular Thyroid Hyperplasia

Cited by 23 publications

References 32 publications

Surgical and Pathological Changes after Radiofrequency Ablation of Thyroid Nodules

Surgical and Pathological Changes after Radiofrequency Ablation of Thyroid Nodules

The Hippo pathway in colorectal cancer

HORMAD2 methylation‐mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression in thyroid cancer

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