Fresh meteoric versus recirculated saline groundwater nutrient inputs into a subtropical estuary

Sadat‐Noori, Mahmood; Santos, Isaac R.; Tait, Douglas R.; Maher, Damien T.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.008

Cited by 49 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Because nutrient data are unavailable, an accurate separation of the relative contribution of TA's multiple components is not possible. Nutrient concentrations in nearby estuaries surrounded by wetlands can be high and represent an important fraction of TA (Sadat‐Noori et al ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon outwelling and outgassing vs. burial in an estuarine tidal creek surrounded by mangrove and saltmarsh wetlands

Santos

Maher

Larkin

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Mangrove-and saltmarsh-dominated estuaries have high rates of organic carbon burial. Here, we estimate soil, pore water, and surface-water carbon fluxes in an Australian estuarine tidal creek to assess whether (1) advective pore water exchange releases some of the soil carbon, (2) outwelling (lateral exports) represents a major carbon sequestration mechanism, and (3) methane emissions offset soil carbon sequestration. A radon ( 222 Rn) mass balance implied tidally driven pore-water exchange rates ranging from 5.5 AE 3.6 to 15.6 AE 8.1 cm d −1 . Pore water exchange explained most of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and methane surface-water fluxes but not dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and alkalinity. Organic carbon burial in soils derived from 239 + 240 Pu dating was 11-63 g C m −2 yr −1 . Methane and carbon dioxide emissions at the water-air interface were 0.27 AE 0.03 and 63 AE 166 mmol m −2 d −1 , respectively. When calculated as CO 2 -equivalents, aquatic CH 4 emissions converted to 19-94 g C-CO 2 m −2 yr −1 . Upscaling methane and soil carbon fluxes to representative areas revealed that CH 4 emissions could offset < 5% of soil carbon burial. DIC outwelling (12 AE 6 mmol m −2 catchment d −1 ) was less than five-fold greater than DOC and particulate organic carbon (POC) outwelling and four-fold greater than catchment-wide carbon burial. Because much of this DIC remains in the ocean after airwater equilibration, lateral DIC exports may represent an important long-term carbon sink. Recent research has focused on quantifying carbon burial rates in blue carbon habitats such as saltmarshes and mangroves. We suggest that DIC outwelling and methane outgassing should also be considered when assessing the carbon sequestration capacity of these coastal vegetated habitats.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon outwelling and outgassing vs. burial in an estuarine tidal creek surrounded by mangrove and saltmarsh wetlands

Santos

Maher

Larkin

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

Self Cite

147

123

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“…In systems with high seawater productivity and organic matter content, saline SGD associated with tide-and wave-induced seawater circulating through the STE may release nutrients to the ocean due to the mineralization of marine organic matter [Anwar et al, 2014;Sadat-Noori et al, 2016b;Santos et al, 2009d]. The loads of marine 31 organic matter delivered into a STE are lower where the coastal ocean is oligotrophic, which may result in FSGD rather than saline SGD dominating the nutrient fluxes to the ocean [Weinstein et al, 2011].…”

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confidence: 99%

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Robinson¹,

Xin²,

Santos³

et al. 2018

Advances in Water Resources

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Sustainable coastal resource management requires sound understanding of interactions between coastal unconfined aquifers and the ocean as these interactions influence the flux of chemicals to the coastal ocean and the availability of fresh groundwater resources. The importance of submarine groundwater discharge in delivering chemical fluxes to the coastal ocean and the critical role of the subterranean estuary (STE) in regulating these fluxes is well recognized. STEs are complex and dynamic systems exposed to various physical, hydrological, geological, and chemical conditions that act on disparate spatial and temporal scales. This paper provides a review of the effect of factors that influence flow and salt transport in STEs, evaluates current understanding on the interactions between these influences, and synthesizes understanding of drivers of nutrient, carbon, greenhouse gas, metal and organic contaminant fluxes to the ocean.Based on this review, key research needs are identified. While the effects of density and tides are well understood, episodic and longer-period forces as well as the interactions between multiple influences remain poorly understood. Many studies continue to focus on idealized nearshore aquifer systems and future work needs to consider real world complexities such as geological heterogeneities, and non-uniform and evolving alongshore and cross-shore morphology. There is also a significant need for multidisciplinary research to unravel the interactions between physical and biogeochemical processes in the STE, as most existing studies treat these processes in isolation. Better understanding of this complex and dynamic system can improve sustainable management of coastal water resources under the influence of anthropogenic pressures and climate change.

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“…These results suggest that SFGD is also a significant source of nutrients to the Bohai Sea, even though its water yield is small. Similar phenomenon also occurs in the other coastal zones of the world (Kroeger et al, ; Sadat‐Noori et al, ; Santos et al, ; Weinstein et al, ). All these work highlights the importance of SFGD which can derive more nutrients and dissolved organic carbon into the coastal waters in comparison with those from RSGD and runoff, especially in the fluxes of DIN and DSi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ra Tracer‐Based Study of Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Associated Nutrient Fluxes into the Bohai Sea, China: A Highly Human‐Affected Marginal Sea

Liu

2017

JGR Oceans

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Nutrient concentrations in coastal bays and estuaries are strongly influenced by not only riverine input but also submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Here we estimate the SGD and the fluxes of the associated dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphorus (DIP), and silicon (DSi) into the Bohai Sea based on a 226Ra and 228Ra mass balance model. This procedure shows that in the Bohai Sea the average radium activities (dpm 100 L−1) are 42.8 ± 6.3 (226Ra) and 212 ± 41.7 (228Ra) for the surface water and 43.0 ± 6.1 (226Ra) and 216 ± 38.4 (228Ra) for the near‐bottom water. According to the 228Ra/226Ra age model, the residence time in the Bohai Sea is calculated to be 1.7 ± 0.8 yrs. The mass balance of 226Ra and 228Ra suggests that the yearly SGD flux into the whole Bohai Sea is (2.0 ± 1.3) × 1011 m3 yr−1, of which the percentage of submarine fresh groundwater discharge (SFGD) to the total SGD is approximately (5.1 ± 4.1)%. However, the DIN and DSi fluxes from SFGD constitute 29% and 10%, respectively, of the total fluxes from the SGD. Moreover, nutrient loads, which exhibit high DIN/DIP from SGD, especially the SFGD, may substantially contribute to the nutrient supplies, resulting in the occurrence of red tide in the Bohai Sea.

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Fresh meteoric versus recirculated saline groundwater nutrient inputs into a subtropical estuary

Cited by 49 publications

References 69 publications

Carbon outwelling and outgassing vs. burial in an estuarine tidal creek surrounded by mangrove and saltmarsh wetlands

Carbon outwelling and outgassing vs. burial in an estuarine tidal creek surrounded by mangrove and saltmarsh wetlands

Groundwater dynamics in subterranean estuaries of coastal unconfined aquifers: Controls on submarine groundwater discharge and chemical inputs to the ocean

Ra Tracer‐Based Study of Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Associated Nutrient Fluxes into the Bohai Sea, China: A Highly Human‐Affected Marginal Sea

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