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ABSTRACT:The reproductive biology and fish host requirements of Quadrula cylindrica were studied in the upper Tennessee River drainage, Virginia and Tennessee, during 1982 and 1983. Gametogenesis in this summer breeder was characterized by three stages: active gamete formation in late summer, an inactive overwintering period, and rapid gamete maturation and release (spawning) from May to July. Gravid females were collected from mid-May through early July, and mean fecundity was approximately 115,000 embryos per female. Glochidia exhibited a relatively high degree of host specificity, metamorphosing on only three cyprinids of 34 fish species tested in the laboratory. Host species identified were Notropis galacturus, N. spilopterus and Hybopsis amblops.