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A desktop study on freshwater fish in Malaysian lotic habitats was conducted to provide an overview of the freshwater fish assemblages in Malaysia. Secondary data was extracted from literature that retrieved from major scientific databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. A total of 385 fish species from 49 families were documented in Malaysian lotic habitats based on secondary data analysis. The Cyprinidae family is the most abundant fish family in Malaysia with 88 species recorded, followed by Danionidae (44), Bagridae (27), and Osphronemidae (21). The Cyprinidae family has the top five fish species recorded most frequently in Malaysian lotic habitats, which are present in the majority of Malaysia’s states. Approximately 47% of fish species are restricted to just one state of Malaysia, demonstrating endemism of freshwater fish is high in Malaysian lotic habitats. Fish assemblages were found to be similar in Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Terengganu, and Johor, but very different in Sabah, Sarawak, Penang, Negeri Sembilan, and Selangor. Connectivity between lotic habitats in each state, land use, endemism, and invasive species may all influence the fish assemblages in each Malaysian state. This study revealed that ichthyofaunal research is lacking in several Malaysian states. More research should be done in those states to fill in the research gaps and present the most up-to-date information on Malaysia’s ichthyofaunal study.
A desktop study on freshwater fish in Malaysian lotic habitats was conducted to provide an overview of the freshwater fish assemblages in Malaysia. Secondary data was extracted from literature that retrieved from major scientific databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. A total of 385 fish species from 49 families were documented in Malaysian lotic habitats based on secondary data analysis. The Cyprinidae family is the most abundant fish family in Malaysia with 88 species recorded, followed by Danionidae (44), Bagridae (27), and Osphronemidae (21). The Cyprinidae family has the top five fish species recorded most frequently in Malaysian lotic habitats, which are present in the majority of Malaysia’s states. Approximately 47% of fish species are restricted to just one state of Malaysia, demonstrating endemism of freshwater fish is high in Malaysian lotic habitats. Fish assemblages were found to be similar in Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Perak, Terengganu, and Johor, but very different in Sabah, Sarawak, Penang, Negeri Sembilan, and Selangor. Connectivity between lotic habitats in each state, land use, endemism, and invasive species may all influence the fish assemblages in each Malaysian state. This study revealed that ichthyofaunal research is lacking in several Malaysian states. More research should be done in those states to fill in the research gaps and present the most up-to-date information on Malaysia’s ichthyofaunal study.
This article explores the complexities of freshwater fish conservation and highlights the importance of an integrated approach that considers governance institutions, community involvement, policy and legal reforms, as well as innovation and ongoing research. It emphasizes the significance of effective governance institutions in managing freshwater resources and the essential role of community engagement in garnering local support. The article also advocates for a balanced approach that combines top-down governance with bottom-up participation to achieve successful resource management. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of policy and legal reforms in creating a regulatory framework that supports sustainable conservation practices. The incorporation of innovation and technology is highlighted as valuable tools for advancing freshwater fish conservation, including sustainable aquaculture practices and advanced monitoring techniques. Ongoing research in freshwater fish conservation is discussed, emphasizing the need for scientific studies to gain insights into species vulnerabilities and the impacts of human activities, in order to inform conservation actions. The article also addresses the challenges and potential strategies related to weather forecasts, climate change impacts, and collaboration among stakeholders. It concludes by emphasizing the need for a balanced and adaptive approach to advance freshwater fish conservation efforts, taking into account differing opinions and challenges for more effective strategies.
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