Freshwater Shortage, Salinity Increase, and Global Food Production: A Need for Sustainable Irrigation Water Desalination—A Scoping Review

Khondoker, Marufa; Mandal, Sujata; Gurav, Ranjit; Hwang, Sangchul

doi:10.3390/earth4020012

Cited by 36 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Thus, the overconsumption of water will lead to water scarcity in more than 80% of crop lands in the future [9]. Saltwater intrusion into aquifers due to climate change is a major concern for the salinity increase, which poses a threat to agricultural production by limiting moisture availability to plants [10]. In addition, the water usage has caused coastal land depletion, which has led to a rise in sea levels along with salinity increase in aquifers.…”

Section: Negative Effects Of Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance

Sugumar,

Shen,

Smith

et al. 2024

Plants

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Over the years, the changes in the agriculture industry have been inevitable, considering the need to feed the growing population. As the world population continues to grow, food security has become challenged. Resources such as arable land and freshwater have become scarce due to quick urbanization in developing countries and anthropologic activities; expanding agricultural production areas is not an option. Environmental and climatic factors such as drought, heat, and salt stresses pose serious threats to food production worldwide. Therefore, the need to utilize the remaining arable land and water effectively and efficiently and to maximize the yield to support the increasing food demand has become crucial. It is essential to develop climate-resilient crops that will outperform traditional crops under any abiotic stress conditions such as heat, drought, and salt, as well as these stresses in any combinations. This review provides a glimpse of how plant breeding in agriculture has evolved to overcome the harsh environmental conditions and what the future would be like.

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Section: Negative Effects Of Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance

Sugumar,

Shen,

Smith

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…Plants face numerous changing environmental stresses, including biotic and abiotic. Salt stress is among the most significant abiotic factors to modern agriculture, affecting plant geographical distribution and limiting agricultural production and productivity 1 , 2 . Nowadays, more than 4.4% of topsoil and more than 8.7% of sub topsoil of the total land was reported as salt affected, covering 73% of the global land area 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid biosynthesis genes LcLCYB, LcLCYE, and LcBCH from wolfberry confer increased carotenoid content and improved salt tolerance in tobacco

Li,

Wang,

Cheng

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Carotenoids play essential roles in plant growth and development and provide plants with a tolerance to a series of abiotic stresses. In this study, the function and biological significance of lycopene β-cyclase, lycopene ε-cyclase, and β-carotene hydroxylase, which are responsible for the modification of the tetraterpene skeleton procedure, were isolated from Lycium chinense and analyzed. The overexpression of lycopene β-cyclase, lycopene ε-cyclase, and β-carotene hydroxylase promoted the accumulation of total carotenoids and photosynthesis enhancement, reactive oxygen species scavenging activity, and proline content of tobacco seedlings after exposure to the salt stress. Furthermore, the expression of the carotenoid biosynthesis genes and stress-related genes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase) were detected and showed increased gene expression level, which were strongly associated with the carotenoid content and reactive oxygen species scavenging activity. After exposure to salt stress, the endogenous abscisic acid content was significantly increased and much higher than those in control plants. This research contributes to the development of new breeding aimed at obtaining stronger salt tolerance plants with increased total carotenoids and vitamin A content.

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“…Severe salinization of agricultural land due to the improper use of irrigation and fertilizers is reducing the area of arable land in the world [9]. Moreover, currently onesixth of the world population inhabits arid or semiarid regions [10]; in these areas, soil salinization is a key issue with substantial impact on plant productivity, making fresh fruit and vegetable cultivation difficult and representing a serious threat to food security [11]. Harvesting salt-tolerant crops can provide an economic resource in soils with severe salinization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among halophyte plants, the Chenopodiaceae family is the most, with Salicornia species being the most frequently eaten [18,19]. These species grow and have been used as traditional food and in folk medicine in many different regions, particularly in Mediterranean countries such as Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Tunisia [10,11]. In England, France, the USA, and Australia, they were also known as "herbe de Saint Pierre", anglicized in the mid-16th century as samphire, and consumed in situations of extreme need such as famines [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Salicornia patula Duval-Jouve Young Shoots in Healthy and Sustainable Diets

Sánchez Gavilán,

Velázquez Ybarzabal,

de la Fuente

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The revalorization of natural resources in food production is increasing, and the effect of climate change is negatively affecting the production of conventional crops. In recent years, edible halophytes have received more attention due to their ability to tolerate a wide range of salinities. Thus, the use of halophytes that require less water and are strongly adapted to high-salinity soil and coastal areas can provide sustainable agriculture in certain areas. In addition, there is growing interest in the study of the possibilities that these species offer as foods due to their excellent nutritional profile and antioxidant properties. For that reason, the exploitation of plants adapted to these areas is nowadays even more important than in the past to guarantee food security in arid or semiarid salinized territories. The available data about the nutrients and bioactive compounds composition of many non-cultivated edible vegetables traditionally used in the Mediterranean area, such as Salicornia edible young shoots, are still scarce. With the aim of improving the knowledge on their nutritional value, the present study provides new data about the content of some compounds with biological activity, such as fiber and organic acids, in eight samples of young shoots of S. patula Duval-Jouve gathered in great mainland and coastal salt marshes in Southwest and Central Spain. Results showed that this vegetable can be considered a healthy food and a very good source of dietary fiber (4.81–6.30 g/100 g fw total fiber). Its organic acid profile showed oxalic, malic, citric and succinic acids. Oxalic acid was the major one, with mean values of 0.151–1.691 g/100 g fw. From the results obtained in this study, S. patula shoots could be recommended as an alternative source of fiber for healthy and sustainable diets in the general adult population with no risk of renal disease.

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Freshwater Shortage, Salinity Increase, and Global Food Production: A Need for Sustainable Irrigation Water Desalination—A Scoping Review

Cited by 36 publications

References 57 publications

Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance

Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance

Carotenoid biosynthesis genes LcLCYB, LcLCYE, and LcBCH from wolfberry confer increased carotenoid content and improved salt tolerance in tobacco

Valorization of Salicornia patula Duval-Jouve Young Shoots in Healthy and Sustainable Diets

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