Friction and Wear of Electrospark Coatings Made of Molybdenum, Bronze, and Combined (Ti + Al + C) Composition on Steel 45 in a Lubricant Medium

Rukanskis, Mindaugas; Padgurskas, Juozas; Sabalius, Arvydas; Michailov, Valentin; Kazak, N.N.; Žunda, Audrius

doi:10.3103/s1068366621010086

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Boron, in addition to being a deoxidizer, can serve as a donor for the formation of wear-resistant borides. Co, Ni and Cr were used to form a strong matrix for the solid particles to have good adhesion with the titanium substrate and also to improve the transfer and to obtain dense and uniform coatings with higher thickness and wear resistance [11,13,18,20,22,[24][25][26]; -TiB 2 -TiAl nano (66.7Ti; 20.0Al; 13.3B), developed by self-high-temperature synthesis (SHS) [18,27,28] and dispersedly reinforced with nanoparticles (ZrO 2 , NbC), [27].…”

Section: -Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrodes of classical hard alloys based on WC [13,[15][16][17], TiC and TiN [11,14,18,19] are most often used in order to reinforce titanium alloys, which are not always effective and do not always provide the necessary complex of properties for protection of the titanium surfaces [18][19][20]. Many researchers claim that coatings made of multi-component materials are more effective because they allow using the advantages of each of the components [11,12,[18][19][20][21][22]. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of this simple, accessible and cheap method and of coated titanium alloys, it is necessary to use new compositions of electrode materials and to optimize the properties of the coatings and their deposition technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abrasive and Erosive Wear of TI6Al4V Alloy with Electrospark Deposited Coatings of Multicomponent Hard Alloys Materials Based of WC and TiB2

et al. 2023

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In the present work, abrasive and erosive wear of wear-resistant composite coatings with a complex structure and different phase compositions deposited on titanium surfaces was studied. The coatings were obtained by electrospark deposition (ESD) using two types of hard-alloy compositions: WC–TiB2–B4C–Co–Ni–Cr–Si–B and TiB2–TiAl reinforced with dispersed nanoparticles of ZrO2 and NbC. The influence of the ESD process parameters on the roughness, thickness, composition, structure and coefficient of friction of the coated surfaces was investigated, and their role in protecting the titanium surfaces from wear was clarified. Dense coatings with the presence of newly formed wear-resistant phases and crystalline-amorphous structures were obtained, with roughness, thickness and microhardness that can be varied by the ESD modes in the range Ra = 2.5 ÷ 4.5 µm, δ = 8 ÷ 30 µm and HV 8.5 ÷ 14.0 GPa. The new coatings were found to reduce the abrasive and erosive wear of the coated surfaces by up to four times. The influence of the geometric characteristics, composition and structure of coatings on the wear intensity and wear resistance of coatings was studied.

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Section: -Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrasive and Erosive Wear of TI6Al4V Alloy with Electrospark Deposited Coatings of Multicomponent Hard Alloys Materials Based of WC and TiB2

et al. 2023

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“…Several studies reported coatings prepared using magnetron sputtering [11]. Only a few works have researched TiAlC-based coatings formed using the electrospark method [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Lubricated Tribo-System of Modified Electrospark Coatings

et al. 2023

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This work presents the results of tribological tests of Mo and combined coatings TiAlC formed using electrospark alloying (ESA) technology and additionally processed using thermochemical electrolyte anodic heating (TEAH). ESA makes it possible to form 15–20 µm thick coatings on the friction surface, characterized by a high hardness and wear resistance. Tribological studies were performed by testing the block-on-roll friction pair under 300 N and 600 N loads. The duration of the tests was 180 km of friction path, and the constant rotation rate of the disk was 600 rpm. It was observed that the friction torque during the 300 N loading tests was stable for all samples and throughout the entire testing period, whereas at 600 N loading, the pair with the Mo coating had a decreasing trend, and the pair with the TiAlC coating, friction torque slightly increased. For a reference sample without the coating trend of friction torque became drastically unstable. At both loads (300 N and 600 N), the friction pair with the reference sample had the highest cumulative wear, and the pair with the Mo coating had the lowest. At both loads, the cumulative wear of the friction pair with Mo coating is about 2 times lower than the TiAlC, and ≥1.8 times lower than the control (not coated) version. This study shows that at lower loads, the friction pair formed by the TiAlC coating and steel C45 is more matched than the friction pair with Mo coating.

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“…Laser cladding is a surface modification technology with the advantages of causing no pollution, and comprising a short process and smart manufacturing, and it is widely used in the steel, automobile, and aeronautical and space fields [1][2][3]. Usually, 45 steel parts are used as the shaft under the condition of high-speed rotation or friction and wear [4][5][6][7]. In these harsh conditions, these parts usually have a short service life or cause accidents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ceramic Particles on Ni-Based Alloy Coating Fabricated via Laser Technology

Zhang,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Lubricants

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Laser cladding is a new technology for fabricating coatings with good properties, such as wear resistance, lubrication, and corrosion resistance. Usually, parts of 45 steel are used as a shaft under conditions of high-speed rotation or friction and wear, and they have a short service life and sometimes cause accidents. In order to avoid serious accidents, a cladding coating made from a Ni-based alloy with ceramic particles was fabricated via laser technology on a substrate of 45 steel in this research. The microstructure and properties were investigated via SEM, EDS, XRD, and a wear and friction tester. The results show that there was an obvious boundary between the cladding coating and the substrate. The main phases were γ(Fe, Ni), WC, TiC, Cr2Ti, and Cr23C6. In the middle of cladding coating, the microstructure was composed of dendrite and cellular crystals, while the microstructure was composed of equiaxial crystals in the bonding region. Inside the cellular crystal, the main phase was γ~(Fe, Ni), which occasionally also showed the appearance of some white particles inside the cellular crystal. Compared with the cellular crystal, the boundary had less of the Fe and Ni elements and more of the Cr and W elements. The amount of C element around the dendrite crystal was more than that around the boundary of cellular crystal due to the long formation time of dendrite. The white particles around the boundary were carbides, such as WC and Cr23C6 phases. Meanwhile, the segregation of the Si element also appeared around the boundaries of the crystal. The maximum microhardness was 772.4 HV0.5, which was about 3.9 times as much as the substrate’s microhardness. The friction coefficients of the 45 steel substrate and Ni-based alloy coating were usually around 0.3 and 0.1, respectively. The Ni-based coating had a smaller coefficient and more stable fluctuations. The wear volume of the cladding coating (0.16 mm3) was less than that of the substrate (1.1 mm3), which was about 14.5% of the wear volume of 45 steel substrate. The main reason was the existence of reinforced phases, such as γ~(Fe, Ni), Cr23C6, and Cr2Ti. The added small WC and TiC particles also enhanced the wear resistance further. The main wear mechanism of the cladding coating was changed to be adhesive wear due to the ceramic particles, which was helpful in improving the service life of 45 steel.

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Friction and Wear of Electrospark Coatings Made of Molybdenum, Bronze, and Combined (Ti + Al + C) Composition on Steel 45 in a Lubricant Medium

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Abrasive and Erosive Wear of TI6Al4V Alloy with Electrospark Deposited Coatings of Multicomponent Hard Alloys Materials Based of WC and TiB2

Abrasive and Erosive Wear of TI6Al4V Alloy with Electrospark Deposited Coatings of Multicomponent Hard Alloys Materials Based of WC and TiB2

Investigation of the Lubricated Tribo-System of Modified Electrospark Coatings

Effect of Ceramic Particles on Ni-Based Alloy Coating Fabricated via Laser Technology

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