Friction and Wear Performance of Brake Pad and Optimization of Manufacturing Parameters using Grey Relational Analysis

Abstract

Brake pads play very important role in the safety of automobiles as they control the speed of the vehicle. Therefore manufacturing aspects of the brake pads and improvement in their performance were studied in this paper. Experiments are designed based on Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array. Manufacturing pressure, temperature and time are taken into consideration as process variables. Nine sets of experiments were conducted. Each experiment consisted of distinct combination process variables. Thus Brake pads with Kevlar and Lapinus fibers as a reinforcement and Epoxy resin as a binder, Barium sulfate as a filler and Aluminium oxide as a friction modifier were manufactured using the hot compression method during each experiment. Friction and Wear performance was accessed by the measurement of the coefficient of friction and weight loss during the trial on the pin on disc apparatus. Specific wear rate was obtained by measuring the differences in density and weight values before and after the trial run.The required values of process parameters i.e. pressure (500 psi), time (8 min.) and temperature (180 o C) which give optimum values of coefficient of friction and Wears were determined using Grey relational analysis.

Understanding the Effect of Interfacial Interphase on the Elastic Response of Hollow Glass Microsphere Reinforced Microcomposites

“…The challenges arise when, for reliable characterization, the lack of any filler/polymer shear slippage, filler debonding and additional voids, microcracks and imperfections at the interface is assumed [8,9]. Such phenomena significantly result in mechanical response exhibited by nano/micro-composites that cannot be easily predicted or engineered through even extensive experimental observations [10,11].…”

Investigation of Carbon Black/ Polyester Micro-composites: An Insight into Nano-size Interfacial Interactions

“…Interfacial interactions may be governed by the thermodynamic compatibility and the chemical affinity of the reinforcement and polymer, the dispersion/distribution quality of fillers, crystallization characteristics of the matrix, and the processing technique used. The latter is reported to govern overall performance of thermosetting parts filled with micro/nano-reinforcements [4,5]. It has been reported that the higher the strength of the interfacial interactions, the greater the level of fillers dispersion [6].…”

Optimization of Material Removal Rate, Surface Roughness and Kerf Width in Wire-ED Machining of Ti-6Al-4V Using RSM and Grey Relation

“…To achieve the required wire-ED machining performance, various optimization techniques [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] such as, Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), Principal Component Analysis, Taguchi method, Response Surface Methodology (RSM), etc., have been employed. Design of experiments approach has also been utilized to analyze the effects of process parameters on the machining characteristics of Titanium alloys [19,20].…”

“…Design of experiments approach has also been utilized to analyze the effects of process parameters on the machining characteristics of Titanium alloys [19,20]. Among these techniques, GRA is a normalization based statistical analysis technique, and is one of the most popular and effective techniques for multi-objective or multi-performance optimization of the process parameters, which can carry out minimization of certain parameters while simultaneously maximizing the others [11,[17][18]. GRA is especially suitable when the system under consideration consists of a complex interplay of various factors and their overall effect in combination needs to be quantitatively analyzed.…”

“…In terms of the control parameters, current, pulse-on time and pulse-off time pivotal for controlling the machining performance of WEDM [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Therefore, these parameters were chosen for investigation in the present study.…”