Friction Between Steel and Snow in Dependence of the Steel Roughness

Rohm, Sebastian; Hasler, Michael; Knoflach, Christoph; Putten, Joost van; Unterberger, Seraphin Hubert; Schindelwig, Kurt; Lackner, Roman; Nachbauer, Werner

doi:10.1007/s11249-015-0554-x

Cited by 26 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similar tendencies about the influence of the contact area are available in other studies. A metal ski sliding over snow has shown similar results [5]. In Rohm's experiments, the tribological system is opposite to our work, i.e., snow surface is relatively constant while the used skis have different roughness.…”

Section: Sliding Speedsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Rohm et al studied the metal samples against compressed snow, and also showed that measurement values were changing from one measurement to the next, only the observed tendency was opposite, i.e., during first runs smaller COF value was achieved and after approximately 3 runs the measurement results stabilized. It is interesting to note that this phenomenon is more noticeable on smoother surfaces [5].…”

Section: Field Sliding Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…It was observed that the coefficient of friction increases as a contact area increases. Rohm et al [5] investigated the influence of metal ski surface roughness on the coefficient of friction. It was concluded that smoother surfaces with a larger contact area had a higher COF than rough surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Ice Texture on Sliding Over Ice

Jansons

Gross

Lungevičs

et al. 2018

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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Winter brings snow and ice to Northern Europe and with it the need to move safely over ice. It has been customary to select an appropriate material surface for movement over ice, but another way to influence the interaction with ice is to appropriately prepare the ice surface. The objective of the research is to investigate the influence of ice texture on initiating movement over ice and on sliding velocity over ice in the laboratory and field conditions. The ice has been prepared smooth, scratched and glazed similar to the one found in real life situations. The static coefficient of friction and the sliding speed have been measured at the laboratory, but the sliding speed quantified on a skeleton –at the skeleton push-start facility. The scratched ice surface has increased the resistance to movement, thus resulting in the lowest sliding speed under laboratory conditions. Sliding is better on the smooth ice and glazed ice. The contact surfaces have been measured to determine the effect of contact area on sliding properties. Field experiments with heavier loads have flattened the ice surface irregularities for more constant sliding conditions over time. This outcome provides a useful indicator for pedestrians and road traffic related to the safety of movement over different ice surfaces as well as a reference for those involved in winter sports.

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Section: Sliding Speedsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Field Sliding Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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The Influence of Ice Texture on Sliding Over Ice

Jansons

Gross

Lungevičs

et al. 2018

Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences

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“…Figure 1 shows pictures and focus variation microscope images (Infinite Focus G4, Alicona, Austria) of the tested fabrics. The focus variation microscope images were taken to determine the roughness of the fabric's surfaces [15,16]. The images show the fabric's surface heights z(x, y) in false colors.…”

Section: Fabricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Friction of Sport Fabrics on Snow

et al. 2016

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After falls, skiers or snowboarders often slide on the slope and may collide with obstacles. Thus, the skier's friction on snow is an important factor to reduce incidence and severity of impact injuries. The purpose of this study was to measure snow friction of different fabrics of ski garments with respect to roughness, speed, and contact pressure. Three types of fabrics were investigated: a commercially available ski overall, a smooth downhill racing suit, and a dimpled downhill racing suit. Friction was measured for fabrics taped on a short ski using a linear tribometer. The fabrics' roughness was determined by focus variation microscopy. Friction coefficients were between 0.19 and 0.48. Roughness, friction coefficient, and friction force were highest for the dimpled race suit. The friction force of the fabrics was higher for the higher contact pressure than for the lower one at all speeds. It was concluded that the main friction mechanism for the fabrics was dry friction. Only the fabric with the roughest surface showed friction coefficients, which were high enough to sufficiently decelerate a sliding skier on beginner and intermediate slopes.

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“…Under dry/mixed friction conditions, friction typically increased with increasing roughness of the slider or ice due to increased deformative friction [4][5][6][7]. On the other hand, friction under hydrodynamic friction conditions typically decreased with increasing roughness of the slider [6,8], which was ascribed to the suppression of capillary bridges. Although the asperities facilitate the formation of capillary bridges, rougher surfaces have more volume available for the propagation of meltwater compared to smooth surfaces and also result in a smaller contact area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Isotropic Surface Roughness of Steel Sliders on Ice Friction Under Different Testing Conditions

et al. 2019

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Ice friction is affected by various system and surface-related parameters such as ice temperature, ambient air temperature and humidity, relative sliding velocity, specific surface pressures and surface texture (waviness, roughness) as well as the macroscopic geometry of the samples. The influences of these parameters cannot be easily separated from each other. Therefore, ice friction is a very complex tribological system and it is challenging to draw sound conclusions from the experiments. In this work, ice friction experiments with stainless steel samples that have different isotropic surface roughness values were carried out. Two tribological experimental setups were used: (i) an inclined ice track where the sliding velocity of the freely sliding steel samples was determined and (ii) an oscillating tribometer, where the coefficient of friction was assessed. For both experimental setups, the environmental parameters such as air temperature, relative humidity and ice surface temperature as well as the test parameters such as normal load and surface pressure were kept as constant as possible. The results of the experiments are discussed in relation to the ice friction mechanisms and the friction regimes.

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Friction Between Steel and Snow in Dependence of the Steel Roughness

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

The Influence of Ice Texture on Sliding Over Ice

The Influence of Ice Texture on Sliding Over Ice

Kinetic Friction of Sport Fabrics on Snow

The Influence of Isotropic Surface Roughness of Steel Sliders on Ice Friction Under Different Testing Conditions

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