Friction stir welding for the transportation industries

Thomas, W. M.; Nicholas, E.D.

doi:10.1016/s0261-3069(97)00062-9

Cited by 672 publications

(318 citation statements)

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“…Until now, FSW industrial application had mostly been restricted to the construction of large components in shipbuilding and aerospace and aeronautics industry [6,7]. The application of this process in the automotive industry is relatively recent and has one of its main fields of interest for the production of aluminium tailored welded blanks (TWB) from very thin sheets [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, some difficulties continue to restrict the application of TWBs in industry [14][15][16][17] such as, the difficulty in welding some materials (Al alloys and HSS), the strength reduction in the weld line and the poor formability of the TWBs. The FSW process diminishes some of the weldability problems usually associated with fusion welding processes, due to its low heat input [6]. However, FSW process has limitations in butt-joining thin sheets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical behaviour of similar and dissimilar AA5182-H111 and AA6016-T4 thin friction stir welds

et al. 2009

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a b s t r a c tThe tensile behaviour of similar and dissimilar friction stir welds in 1 mm thick sheets of two aluminium alloys (AA5182-H111 and AA6016-T4) is analysed in this paper. The heterogeneity in properties across the welds was studied by performing microhardness tests and microstructural analysis. The tensile tests were performed in samples extracted longitudinal and transverse to the weld direction. It was found that the tensile behaviour of the welds depends mainly on the grain size in the TMAZ, for the AA5182-H111 alloy, and on precipitate distribution, for the AA6016-T4 alloy. In all types of welds, the HAZ preserves the same properties of the base materials. The global mechanical behaviour of the AA5182-H111 similar welds is very similar to that of the base material. However, for the AA6016-T4 similar welds and for the AA6016-T4-AA5182-H111 dissimilar welds a 10-20% strength reduction relative to the base materials and important losses in ductility were reported.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical behaviour of similar and dissimilar AA5182-H111 and AA6016-T4 thin friction stir welds

et al. 2009

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“…From the literature (Ref [4][5][6][7][8][9] and the previous work done in our laboratory (Ref 11,12), the predominant factors which are having greater influence on tensile strength of friction stir welded aluminum alloys were identified. They are: (i) tool pin profiles (ii) tool rotational speed (iii) welding (traverse) speed, and (iv) axial (downward) force.…”

Section: Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an Empirical Relationship to Predict Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Welded AA2219 Aluminum Alloy

Elangovan

Balasubramanian

Babu

2008

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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AA2219 aluminum alloy (Al-Cu-Mn alloy) has gathered wide acceptance in the fabrication of lightweight structures requiring a high strength-to-weight ratio and good corrosion resistance. Friction stir welding (FSW) process is an emerging solid state joining process in which the material that is being welded does not melt and recast. This process uses a nonconsumable tool to generate frictional heat in the abutting surfaces. The welding parameters such as tool rotational speed, welding speed, axial force, etc., and tool pin profile play a major role in deciding the joint strength. An attempt has been made to develop an empirical relationship between FSW variables to predict tensile strength of the friction stir welded AA2219 aluminum alloy. To obtain the desired strength, it is essential to have a complete control over the relevant process parameters to maximize the tensile strength on which the quality of a weldment is based. Therefore, it is very important to select and control the welding process parameter for obtaining maximum strength. To achieve this various prediction methods such as response surface method (RSM), analysis of variance (ANOVA), StudentÕs t-test, coefficient of determination, etc., can be applied to define the desired output variables through developing mathematical models to specify the relationship between the output parameters and input variables. Four factors, five levels central composite design have been used to minimize number of experimental conditions. The developed mathematical relationship can be effectively used to predict the tensile strength of FSW joints of AA2219 aluminum alloy at 95% confidence level.

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“…At present, welding is most widely used to join metals to construct structures, and to manufacture clad sheet. 1) Also, there are several bonding processes which can be done in solid state, such as diffusion bonding, 2) friction bonding, 3) friction stir welding, 4) explosion welding, 5) and mechanical coupling. 6) These bonding processes are now being used to manufacture clad sheets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Bonding Process to Manufacture Clad Materials-Divided Flow Bonding.

Sugiyama

Suzuki

2003

ISIJ International

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Basic Characteristic of mechanical bonding process using divided plastic flow is investigated in this paper. This bonding process can be applicable to the bonding of any combination metals such as bonding of aluminum and steel. It could be utilized not only to join structural steels but also to manufacture clad sheet continuously within rolling process. Basic characteristic of proposed bonding process is investigated through a series of bonding experiments using aluminum alloy and plain carbon steel, and effects of geometries of bonding part on divided plastic flow and bonding strength are clarified. Through the investigation, it has become clear that sound bonding of aluminum alloys and steel can be realized under cold forming temperature. Better bonding characteristics could be obtained if we optimize geometry of bonding part.

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Friction stir welding for the transportation industries

Cited by 672 publications

References 0 publications

Mechanical behaviour of similar and dissimilar AA5182-H111 and AA6016-T4 thin friction stir welds

Mechanical behaviour of similar and dissimilar AA5182-H111 and AA6016-T4 thin friction stir welds

Developing an Empirical Relationship to Predict Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Welded AA2219 Aluminum Alloy

Mechanical Bonding Process to Manufacture Clad Materials-Divided Flow Bonding.

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