Friction Stir Welding of Polymers: An Overview

Zafar, Muhammad Adeel; Awang, Mokhtar; Khan, Sajjad Raza

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-4232-4_2

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Whereas, at higher rotational and traverse speed, although the material melts quickly due to higher heat generation, but at the same time the higher speeds does not allow the material to settle down properly thus causing porosity in the weld joint. Zafar et al [31] reported that welding parameters vary from polymer to polymer. Those having higher melting point and viscosity, require higher rotational and low traversing speeds to achieve sufficient heat and good joint strength.…”

Section: Threaded Cylindrical Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It (tensile strength) initially increases up to certain limit and then starts decreasing with further increase in the values of rotational and traversing speeds. Zafar et al [31] and Eslami et al [9] reported that the quality of welds generated by FSW with threaded conical tool have been very high having no porosity or voids. This is because threads around the probe facilitate the softened material, at the faying surfaces, to get mixed up properly thus generating a uniform weld seam free of voids.…”

Section: Threaded Conical Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parametric Optimization of Butt Welded Polycarbonate using Response Surface Methodology

Imtiaz

Tariq

Janjua

et al. 2021

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process for metals, non-metals and polymers. It is carried out with the help of a specially designed, non-consumable tool. The heat required, for creating a softened region at the faying surfaces, is generated by rotation of tool against the work piece material. Being a solid-state welding process, it offers several advantages like inducing minimum effect on the mechanical properties of base material, reduced shrinkage and distortion, no spatter or Ultra Violet (UV) radiations etc. However, developing a sound weld requires an appropriate combination of several process parameters e.g. the design of tool, its rotational and traversing speeds etc. To substantiate this aspect, an approach based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is presented during this paper that optimizes the combination of process parameters while investigating their effect on the mechanical properties of a friction stir welded butt joint configuration of Polycarbonate. To minimize the total number of combinations a Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) is used with three factors and two levels. The results have shown that the butt joints fabricated at a traverse speed of 14 mm/min, rotational speed of 1700 RPM and with simple cylindrical conical tool geometry yielded the maximum ultimate tensile strength of 51.299 MPa.

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Section: Threaded Cylindrical Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Threaded Conical Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Optimization of Butt Welded Polycarbonate using Response Surface Methodology

Imtiaz

Tariq

Janjua

et al. 2021

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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“…1 Although friction stir welding has the advantage of short processing time and does not require consumables, this method causes root effect and thickness reduction at the weld line which may reduce the welding strength. 7 Welding by internal electromagnetic heating is a relatively new method that relies on the absorption and conversion of electromagnetic such as microwave and laser into heat. Laser welding has been used for the welding of thermoplastic dental implants, orthopedic implants, and medical devices because it is a clean, precise, and near error-free joining process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility study on microwave welding of thermoplastic using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as susceptor

Foong

Voon

Lim

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

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Despite manufacturers’ goal of molding single component products from plastics, the structures of some of the products are far too complex to be molded as a single piece. Therefore, assembly of subcomponents into the final products is important for the manufacturing of many plastic-based products. To date, welding is the most efficient joining method for plastics. In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotubes were proposed as the susceptor for the microwave welding of high-density polyethylene considering multiwalled carbon nanotube is a good microwave absorber. multiwalled carbon nanotubes were first dispersed in ethanol in an ultrasonic bath to obtain a homogeneous dispersion. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes dispersion was dropped on the targeted area of the prepared dumbbell-shaped sample and dried in an oven at 45°C for 30 min. The sample was then subjected to 800 W microwave irradiation in the domestic microwave oven. The strength of the weld was tested by using tensile testing. Besides, the cross section of the welded joint was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy. The effect of microwave heating duration and the multiwalled carbon nanotube concentration in the dispersion were studied. It was found that the joint strength increased as the heating duration increase from 2 s to 8 s but decreased when the heating duration was further extended to 10 s. Scanning electron microscopic images showed that voids were formed at the joint interface when 10 s was used and resulted in the lowering of joint strength. In the study of the effect of the multiwalled carbon nanotube concentration in the dispersion, joint strength increased when the multiwalled carbon nanotubes concentration increased from 0.25 wt% to 0.75 wt%. However, the joint strength of sample with 1.00 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotube concentration decreased. The presence of a thick unwelded multiwalled carbon nanotubes layer at the joint interface for sample with 1.00 wt% multiwalled carbon nanotubes concentration as shown in scanning electron microscopic image was believed to cause the lowering of joint strength.

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“…Polymers are widely used in many engineering applications as automotive, electronics, packaging and aerospace [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of the Feasibility of Friction Stir Spot Welding in Polyethylene

B.khalifa

Kamal

Naga

2019

Engineering Research Journal

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Friction stir spot welding (FSSW), as a solid state joining process, shows great potential to be a replacement of single-point joining processes. However, the possible application of FSSW in polymers needs more attention. In the present paper, experimental studies have been conducted to explore the feasibility of welding polymers by FSSW. The investigation is applied on the most popular polymer, the polyethylene (PE), under different operating conditions. Plunging depth, and dwell time at two different tool rotational speeds have been taken as varying parameters. The effect of the welding parameters on the strength of welded joints has been determined by lap shear test. The temperature in the welding material zone during dwell time has also been recorded to investigate the effect of the duration of dwell time on the heat generation during welding. The results confirm that FSSW can be applied to PE and that the tool rotational speed, plunging depth, and dwell time are important in the joint formation and its strength.

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Friction Stir Welding of Polymers: An Overview

Cited by 35 publications

References 43 publications

Parametric Optimization of Butt Welded Polycarbonate using Response Surface Methodology

Parametric Optimization of Butt Welded Polycarbonate using Response Surface Methodology

Feasibility study on microwave welding of thermoplastic using multiwalled carbon nanotubes as susceptor

Experimental Study of the Feasibility of Friction Stir Spot Welding in Polyethylene

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