Friction stir welding: Types, merits &amp; demerits, applications, process variables &amp; effect of tool pin profile

Mahajan, Aishna; Kumar, Santosh; Singh, Harvinder

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.12.097

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The first thermocouple is the one that reaches the highest temperature of approximately 447 °C due to the initial friction and the waiting time of 5 seconds for the start of the longitudinal displacement of the tool. As shown in Figure 4, it corroborates with the authors Kumar et al 3 and Anand and Sridhar 1 that the FSW process reaches temperatures much lower than the melting temperature of the material, which for this alloy is 1090 °C. The average maximum temperatures observed by each thermocouple are shown in Table 5.…”

Section: Process Temperature Profilesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Another advantage of the process is to produce joints of similar and dissimilar materials that would be difficult to weld using conventional methods, generating less distortion due to the low heat input offered compared to traditional methods 2 . The aerospace, automobile, naval and energy industries are the main researchers and developers of the FSW technique [3][4][5][6][7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process uses only a non-consumable rotary tool of greater hardness than the material to be welded that penetrates the material until the shoulder touches the material. The friction between the parts generates heat, lower than the melting temperature, leaving the material in a paste state, so the tool runs longitudinally along the weld bead, plastically deforming the material and generating a stir flow 3,9,10 , example shown in the Figure 1 the main process variables. According to Abdollah-Zadeh et al 12 FSW is an in-situ extrusion and forging process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of uns C19400 Alloy Plates

Martins,

Varasquim,

Cruz Junior

et al. 2023

Mat. Res.

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The welding of metallic materials by the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) method is a very attractive process for preserving their characteristics, especially for copper and its alloys that require high heat input and present many distortions by traditional methods. However, it is a great challenge to produce welds free of defects and maintain or improve their mechanical properties. In the current literature data on FSW parameters for copper and its alloys are scarce. In this study, tests were performed with a combination of four tool rotations (750, 850, 950, 1050 rev.min -1 ) and two welding speeds (20 and 60 mm.min -1 ), maintaining the tool inclination angle in 3° and waiting time of 5 seconds. The objective of this work is to analyze the microstructure and mechanical performance of lap joints of the UNS C19400 alloy joined by FSW. The process temperature was monitored to trace the heating profile of the process, in addition to microhardness and shear strength tests, in addition to optical microscopy for analysis. The joints welded by the parameters Ω 950 rev.mm -1 𝛖 20mm.min -1 obtained a mechanical performance of 73% compared to the characteristics of the base metal and despite the appearance of volumetric defects at the microstructural level, the metallurgical transformations of recovery and recrystallization of the grains observed in the microstructure played a key role in the result.

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Section: Process Temperature Profilesupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of uns C19400 Alloy Plates

Martins,

Varasquim,

Cruz Junior

et al. 2023

Mat. Res.

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show abstract

“…HPLDs have longer life and run on low running cost than the other laser systems. HPLDs are used for soldering, glazing, marking, micro welding and engraving etc [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] .…”

Section: A Different Modes Of Laser Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Lasers Assisted Machining Methods – Types, Mode of Operations, Comparison and Applications

Mehra

Kumar

2022

CGCIJCTR

Self Cite

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Materials having high hardness and difficult to cut are becoming more popular in distinct industries such as automobile, aerospace, medical, construction, nuclear, sports and others. Because, hard and difficult to cut materials offered high strength to weight ratio, high resistance against wear, high yield strength, high resistance against corrosion, and ability to retain high strength at elevated temperature. However, the machining of hard and difficult to cut material poses a serious challenge owing to severe tool wear and higher cutting force involved. To overcome this, Laser assisted machining (LAM) has shown to be one of the most promising technologies for cutting difficult-to-cut materials. Hence, the aim of current review paper is to provide an overview on LAM, historical background, basic phenomena of laser generation, properties of lasers, generalized concept of laser- material interaction, types of lasers, distinct modes of laser operations and applications. Finally, the recent advances in laser assisted machining are discussed.

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“…The bio-tribology knowledge contains experimental and theoretical scientific research of hydrodynamic lubrication, friction and wear at micro-and nano level occurring between mutually cooperating bio-tissues or bio-surfaces of living bodies. The current international level of state-of the-art knowledge of mechanical surface engineering is high today in the field of proceedings conditions on the tribology, fatigue performances, minimum quantity lubrication problems and friction forces connected with abrasive flow [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The problem of slide bio-bearing and living biosurfaces lubrication with phospholipids (PL) bilayer, is up today high in the field of chemistry [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introduction and Aim Of The Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non Solved Contemporary Scientific Problems of Non-Conventional Bio-Surfaces Lubrication

Wierzcholski¹,

Gospodarczyk²

2023

Recent Prog Mater

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This paper presents new non solved, scientific research directions and their applications in contemporary non-conventional lubrication problems of the bio-surfaces domain. Here are described new research scientific trends and research problem solutions of hydrodynamic lubrication for living tissue, human skin and human cartilage joints surfaces. At first in introduction is described the state of the art, a new purpose of anticipate research and the bio-tribology connections with other scientific domains are documented. The bio-tribology is a new scientific domain where the bio-properties of living, mutually cooperating bio-materials have an important influence on joint human functioning and on the consequences of obtained bio-tribology effects. Using experimental and numerical methods, the main result is focused on the influence of the bio-sweat dynamic viscosity variations across the film thickness on the load carrying capacity of the lubricated human skin and limbs.

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Friction stir welding: Types, merits & demerits, applications, process variables & effect of tool pin profile

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of uns C19400 Alloy Plates

Effect of Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of uns C19400 Alloy Plates

A Review on Lasers Assisted Machining Methods – Types, Mode of Operations, Comparison and Applications

Non Solved Contemporary Scientific Problems of Non-Conventional Bio-Surfaces Lubrication

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