Friction Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel with Copper Material

Abstract

Austenitic stainless steels are most preferred over other types of stainless steel families. Welding of stainless steel using friction welding is widely seen in the current scenario. Since the time consumed for friction welding is very less, metallurgical defects are almost reduced without pre-and postheat treatment. The problems encountered in friction welding during joining of austenitic stainless steel are very limited when compared to fusion welding process. The studies have undergone with joining of austenitic stainless steel and copper material to evaluate the friction welding parameter for finding the good bond strength.

The Joining of Copper to Stainless Steel by Solid-State Welding Processes: A Review

“…Hardness analysis also indicated that the fracture propagates through the heat affected zone (HAZ) along the copper base-metal. A similar hardness gradient along both the sides of the interfacial region was reported in some other works published [ 97 , 98 , 100 , 106 , 107 , 108 ]. This clearly indicates limited atomic mobility along both sides of the interfaces for FW procedure compared to other solid-state welding processes such as HIP and DB.…”

“…Researchers have explored friction welding (FW) to join the dissimilar metals, but limited their investigation to pipe joints [ 160 , 161 , 162 , 163 ]. FW has shown significant potential to join copper with stainless steel [ 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 ]. Joint integrity mainly depends upon the formation of intermetallic along the interfaces.…”

“…This clearly indicates limited atomic mobility along both sides of the interfaces for FW procedure compared to other solid-state welding processes such as HIP and DB. Interestingly, tensile properties of 25-mm thick Cu/SS joints were similar to the copper base-metal with lower frictional pressure, upset pressure and RPM [ 107 , 108 ]. In contrast, the study on the heat transfer model for FW of copper to steel has been carried out, and the author [ 105 ] has employed a high level of RPM and force.…”

“…In turn, the scientific community should seek the minimal adverse effect of fusion on the joint as well as trying to reduce the heterogeneity in viscosity, miscibility, melting point, thermal conductivity, and thermal expansion. Hence, researchers have considered solid-state joining methods [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 ,…”

Machine Learning Classification Models for Detection of the Fracture Location in Dissimilar Friction Stir Welded Joint

“…In the present work, the dataset is used from the research work carried out by Chinnakannan et al [9] for implementing various Machine learning classification models for determining the fracture location of dissimilar Friction Stir Welded austenitic stainless steel with the copper material.…”