Friends or foes? Emerging insights from fungal interactions with plants

Zeilinger, Susanne; Gupta, Vijai Kumar; Dahms, Tanya E. S.; Silva, Roberto do Nascimento; Singh, Harikesh Bahadur; Upadhyay, Ram Sanmukh; Gomes, Eriston Vieira; Tsui, Clement K. M.; Nayak, Chandra

doi:10.1093/femsre/fuv045

Cited by 281 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 311 publications

(368 reference statements)

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“…There is a host-pathogen interaction, meaning that particular pathogen compatible with certain plant genotype. Each plant genotype secretes specific metabolite, which serves as signals for the pathogen to further like or dislike the plant (Giraldo and Valent 2013;Yi and Valent 2013;Zeilinger et al, 2016). The pathogen can distinguish the susceptible or resistant host genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic resistance of local upland rice populations from East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia against some important diseases

Nurhasanah¹,

Mujiono²,

Darma³

et al. 2018

Aust J Crop Sci

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Plant diseases are major obstacles in achieving optimal yields in crop plants including rice. The use of diseases-resistant varieties is one of the most practical and economical approaches to overcome this problem. The local rice populations (landraces) are important genetic resources containing useful genes for many important traits, including disease resistance characters. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the responses of East and North Kalimantan local upland rice population against rice diseases and to select the local cultivars having resistance against the diseases. Disease resistance was evaluated using natural disease epidemic selection. A 109 Indonesian local upland rice cultivars were grown in two different growing conditions, in screen house and field trial. Diseases were characterized by their symptoms on the plants and the corresponding causing agents. Disease intensity was scored by observing the percentage of disease symptoms on the plants in the field trial. The results showed that bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae) was the most frequent disease infecting East and North Kalimantan local upland rice population followed by narrow brown spot, brown spot, sheath blight and black kernel. A specific interaction between the host and pathogen was observed in this study. Some genotypes were resistant, and some others are susceptible to the particular disease. However, most of the local rice cultivars were grouped into resistant and moderately resistant genotypes. The East and North Kalimantan local upland rice population characterized in this study, contained genes that confer resistance to one or more pathogens, which could be further used as a source of vertical or horizontal resistance genes in rice breeding programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic resistance of local upland rice populations from East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia against some important diseases

Nurhasanah¹,

Mujiono²,

Darma³

et al. 2018

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…While fungal pathogens have harmful effects on plant physiology, mutualistic fungi improve host defense responses to pathogens. So, fungi have potential for preventing plant diseases and for improving plant productivity [78]. Similarly, plant pathogenic bacteria provoke many plant diseases while endophytic bacteria improve plant tolerance to several abiotic stresses and can protect plants from pathogenic microbes [79,80].…”

Section: Analysis Of Abstractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Research on Plant Defense against Biotic Stresses as Improvement for Sustainable Agriculture

2018

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Agriculture is the basis for food production on a global scale. Sustainable agriculture tries to improve or maintain the quality of food without compromising the environment. As sessile organisms, plants cannot avoid adverse environmental conditions and contact with other living organisms. The damage caused to plants by other living organisms such as parasites and pathogens (virus, bacteria, fungi, nematodes or insects) brings about what is known as biotic stress. Plants are constantly exposed to biotic stress, which causes changes in plant metabolism involving physiological damages that lead to a reduction of their productivity. To fight biotic stress, plants have developed sophisticated defense mechanisms. Thus, understanding plant defense mechanisms might prevent important crop and economic losses. In this article, a bibliometric analysis of biotic stress is carried out. Different aspects of the publications are analyzed, such as publication type, research field, journal type, countries and their institutions, as well as the keyword occurrence frequency, and finally special attention is paid to the plant studied by the leading countries and institutions. As expected, journals selected by authors to publish their relevant findings are plant-specific journals. However, it should be noted that the fourth position, in terms of the number of publications per journal, is occupied by BMC Genomics journal. Such a journal considers mainly articles on genomics, which indicates the involvement of genetic factors in the control of biotic stress. Analysis of the keywords used in publications about biotic stress shows the great interest in the biotic-abiotic stress interaction, in the gene expression regulation in plants as well as phytohormones in the current research. In short, the great effort made by the scientific community in the biotic and abiotic stresses field with the aim to understand, regulate and control plant damages caused by biotic stress agents will help in the development of sustainable agriculture.

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“…Fungal plant pathogens need to get resources from the plant and for doing so they need to live in the specific environment of plants, with an host species ranging from broad for generalists to narrow for specialist (Braunsdorf et al, 2016;Zeilinger et al, 2016;van der Does & Rep, 2017). Getting a better understanding of the interaction between pathogens and their host plants might open new ways to control plant diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal growth is affected by and affects pH and redox potential (Eh) of the growth medium

Bousset

Ermel

Soglonou

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Fungal plant pathogens live in the specific environment of plants. Understanding of the interaction between pathogens and their host plants might open new ways to control plant diseases. Yet, the specificities of the plant environment and its effects on fungal growth are not yet fully explored. Both pH and Eh play a key role during the interaction between the fungus and its host plants, but often studied independently or at different scales. To decipher the interrelation between plant growth and their soil environment, recent theoretical and methodological advances have been made through the joint characterization of the pH and Eh. This opens the prospect to develop similar methods for fungi. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the methods developed for soil could be transposed to fungi. We first worked on artificial media, assessing the impact of fungal growth on the media in cultures. The growth of all 16 species tested significantly altered either Eh, pH or both in agar media. Measuring Eh reveals that even the species not modifying pH can have an impact on the surrounding environment. Reciprocally, altered media were used to characterize sensitivity of fungal growth to both pH and Eh parameters. The response of the six fungi tested to the modified media was quantitative with a decrease in colony diameter. In addition, colony aspect was repeatedly and thoroughly modified. As a first step towards the same studies in conditions matching the natural environment of fungal pathogens, we tested how the measurement can be performed with fungi growing on oilseed rape plants. In infected plant stems, pH and Eh were significantly altered, in opposite directions for L. maculans and S. sclerotiorum. The observed alcalinisation or acidification correlates with canker length. Our series of experiments indicate that the procedure published for Eh and pH in soil can be extended for measurement in agar media and in infected plants. Further, the joint characterization of both parameters opens the way to a more precise understanding of the impact of fungi on their environment, and conversely, of the environment on fungal growth. The availability of methods for measurement opens the prospect to study combinations of stresses, either on agar media or in plants, and get an understanding of the involvement of pH and Eh modifications in these interactions.

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Friends or foes? Emerging insights from fungal interactions with plants

Cited by 281 publications

References 311 publications

Genetic resistance of local upland rice populations from East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia against some important diseases

Genetic resistance of local upland rice populations from East and North Kalimantan, Indonesia against some important diseases

Worldwide Research on Plant Defense against Biotic Stresses as Improvement for Sustainable Agriculture

Fungal growth is affected by and affects pH and redox potential (Eh) of the growth medium

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