From brain to bridge: masticatory function and dental implants

Trulsson, Mats; Bilt, Andries van der; Carlsson, Gunnar; Gotfredsen, Klaus; Larsson, Pernilla; Müller, Frauke; Sessle, Barry J.; Svensson, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02340.x

Cited by 48 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The OES was recently recommended for assessment of esthetical concerns in prosthodontic patients, emphasizing that evaluation of psychometric properties such as structural validity is critical for health measurement scales in general [13]. In Swedish prosthodontic patients, OE was also found to be a unidimensional construct based on EFA [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale in the general population

John

Larsson²,

Nilner

et al. 2012

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

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BackgroundThe Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OES) is an eight-item instrument to assess how patients perceive their dental and facial esthetics. In this cross-sectional study we investigated dimensionality, reliability, and validity of OES scores in the adult general population in Sweden.MethodsIn a random sample of the adult Swedish population (response rate: 39%, N=1159 subjects, 58% female, mean age (standard deviation): 49.2 (17.4) years), dimensionality of OES was investigated using factor analytic methods to determine how many scores are needed to characterize the construct. Reliability of scores was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. Score validity was determined by correlating the OES summary score with a global indicator of orofacial esthetics (OE).ResultsFactor analyses provided support that a single score can sufficiently characterize OE. A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.93 indicated excellent reliability. A validity coefficient of r=0.89 (95% confidence interval: 0.87-0.90) indicated that OES summary scores correlated highly with a global OE assessment.ConclusionsThe OES is a promising instrument to measure the construct OE. Factor analyses supported that this construct can be assessed with one score, offering a feasible and acceptable standardized assessment of OE. The present study extends the OES use to the general population, an important target population for assessment of orofacial esthetics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale in the general population

John

Larsson²,

Nilner

et al. 2012

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

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“…The mandible and maxilla are the anchor points for the deciduous or primary teeth in children and permanent teeth in adults. The soft tissues, including tongue, lips and cheeks, are also important in the manipulation of food during oral processing 24. Mastication is the first stage of the digestion and involves the intermittent rhythmic act in which the tongue, facial and jaw muscles act in coordination to position the food between the teeth, cut it up and prepare it for swallowing.…”

Section: Functional Analysis Of Masticatory Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mastication is the first stage of the digestion and involves the intermittent rhythmic act in which the tongue, facial and jaw muscles act in coordination to position the food between the teeth, cut it up and prepare it for swallowing. Mastication aims to decrease particle-size distribution in the food bolus and forms a cohesive bolus with the saliva in order to facilitate swallowing 24. Teeth provide a uniquely discriminating sense of touch and directional specificity for occlusal awareness, intra-oral contact for management of a food bolus, discrimination of food texture and hardness, and control of jaw muscles for mastication and swallowing 25.…”

Section: Functional Analysis Of Masticatory Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chewing Maintains Hippocampus-Dependent Cognitive Function

Chen¹,

Iinuma²,

Onozuka³

et al. 2015

Int. J. Med. Sci.

106

105

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Mastication (chewing) is important not only for food intake, but also for preserving and promoting the general health. Recent studies have showed that mastication helps to maintain cognitive functions in the hippocampus, a central nervous system region vital for spatial memory and learning. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent progress of the association between mastication and the hippocampus-dependent cognitive function. There are multiple neural circuits connecting the masticatory organs and the hippocampus. Both animal and human studies indicated that cognitive functioning is influenced by mastication. Masticatory dysfunction is associated with the hippocampal morphological impairments and the hippocampus-dependent spatial memory deficits, especially in elderly. Mastication is an effective behavior for maintaining the hippocampus-dependent cognitive performance, which deteriorates with aging. Therefore, chewing may represent a useful approach in preserving and promoting the hippocampus-dependent cognitive function in older people. We also discussed several possible mechanisms involved in the interaction between mastication and the hippocampal neurogenesis and the future directions for this unique fascinating research.

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“…For example, 20% of senior adults in Western countries are considered “orally disabled,” and tooth loss is associated with a compromised quality of life, manifesting as difficulties in chewing and speaking, pain or alterations in other oral sensations such as stereognosis and proprioception, as well as impaired memory, cognitive and emotional functions (for reviews see Feine and Carlsson, 2003; Crocombe et al, 2009; Avivi-Arber et al, 2011; Trulsson et al, 2012; Sessle et al, 2013; Klineberg et al, 2014; Cerutti-Kopplin et al, 2016). Since life expectancy is progressively increasing in most populations, tooth loss and the associated impairments represent an increasing societal burden (Avivi-Arber et al, 2011; Trulsson et al, 2012). However, these effects of tooth loss vary substantially across individuals (Haraldson et al, 1988; Zarb et al, 2013; Carr and Brown, 2015), both in terms of the type and severity of the outcomes, and also in the rate and quality of recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread Volumetric Brain Changes following Tooth Loss in Female Mice

et al. 2017

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Tooth loss is associated with altered sensory, motor, cognitive and emotional functions. These changes vary highly in the population and are accompanied by structural and functional changes in brain regions mediating these functions. It is unclear to what extent this variability in behavior and function is caused by genetic and/or environmental determinants and which brain regions undergo structural plasticity that mediates these changes. Thus, the overall goal of our research program is to identify genetic variants that control structural and functional plasticity following tooth loss. As a step toward this goal, here our aim was to determine whether structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) is sensitive to detect quantifiable volumetric differences in the brains of mice of different genetic background receiving tooth extraction or sham operation. We used 67 adult female mice of 7 strains, comprising the A/J (A) and C57BL/6J (B) strains and a randomly selected sample of 5 of the 23 AXB-BXA strains (AXB1, AXB4, AXB24, BXA14, BXA24) that were produced from the A and B parental mice by recombinations and inbreeding. This panel of 25 inbred strains of genetically diverse inbred strains of mice is used for mapping chromosomal intervals throughout the genome that harbor candidate genes controlling the phenotypic variance of any trait under study. Under general anesthesia, 39 mice received extraction of 3 right maxillary molar teeth and 28 mice received sham operation. On post-extraction day 21, post-mortem whole-brain high-resolution sMRI was used to quantify the volume of 160 brain regions. Compared to sham operation, tooth extraction was associated with a significantly reduced regional and voxel-wise volumes of cortical brain regions involved in processing somatosensory, motor, cognitive and emotional functions, and increased volumes in subcortical sensorimotor and temporal limbic forebrain regions including the amygdala. Additionally, comparison of the 10 BXA14 and 21 BXA24 mice revealed significant volumetric differences between the two strains in several brain regions. These findings highlight the utility of high-resolution sMRI for studying tooth loss-induced structural brain plasticity in mice, and provide a foundation for further phenotyping structural brain changes following tooth loss in the full AXB-BXA panel to facilitate mapping genes that control brain plasticity following orofacial injury.

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From brain to bridge: masticatory function and dental implants

Cited by 48 publications

References 65 publications

Validation of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale in the general population

Validation of the Orofacial Esthetic Scale in the general population

Chewing Maintains Hippocampus-Dependent Cognitive Function

Widespread Volumetric Brain Changes following Tooth Loss in Female Mice

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