From cannabis initiation to daily use: educational inequalities in consumption behaviours over three generations in France

Legleye, Stéphane; Khlat, Myriam; Mayet, Aurélie; Beck, François; Falissard, Bruno; Chau, Nearkasèn; Peretti‐Watel, Patrick

doi:10.1111/add.13461

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The profile of respondents who increased their alcohol use was different, as this increase preferentially affected people aged 30 to 49 years with high levels of education. A possible explanation is that increased use of alcohol may be less stigmatized than that of tobacco or cannabis, as people who use cannabis and tobacco in France are globally younger, have lower income, and are less educated [ 25 , 26 ]. For this reason, alcohol use may have increased more than tobacco or cannabis use among more educated and middle-aged respondents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Changes and Factors of Increase in Caloric/Salty Food Intake, Screen Use, and Substance Use During the Early COVID-19 Containment Phase in the General Population in France: Survey Study

Rolland¹,

Haesebaert²,

Zante³

et al. 2020

JMIR Public Health Surveill

266

261

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Background The international outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led many countries to enforce drastic containment measures. It has been suggested that this abrupt lockdown of populations will foster addiction-related habits such as caloric/salty food intake, screen use, and substance use. Objective Our aim was to assess the global changes and factors of increase in addiction-related habits during the early COVID-19 containment phase in France. Methods A web-based survey was provided from day 8 to day 13 of the containment and was completed by 11,391 participants. The questions explored sociodemographic features, psychiatric/addiction history, material conditions of lockdown, general stress, mental well-being, and reported changes in several addiction-related behaviors. Global changes were described and factors of increase were explored using population-weighted and adjusted logistic regression models, providing adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and their 95% confidence intervals. Results Overall, the respondents reported more increases in addiction-related habits than decreases, specifically 28.4% (caloric/salty food intake), 64.6% (screen use), 35.6% (tobacco use), 24.8% (alcohol use), and 31.2% (cannabis use). Reduced well-being scores and increased stress scores were general factors of increase in addiction-related habits (P<.001 for all habits). Factors of increase in caloric/salty food intake (n=10,771) were female gender (aOR 1.62, 95% CI 1.48-1.77), age less than 29 years (P<.001), having a partner (aOR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06-1.35), being locked down in a more confined space (per 1 square meter/person decrease: aOR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03), being locked down alone (aOR 1.29, 95% CI 1.11-1.49), and reporting current (aOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.62-2.31) or past (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09-1.47) psychiatric treatment. Factors of increase in screen use (n=11,267) were female gender (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.21-1.43), age less than 29 years (P<.001), having no partner (aOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.06-1.32), being employed (P<.001), intermediate/high education level (P<.001), being locked down with no access to an outdoor space (aOR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05-1.29), being locked down alone (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.32), living in an urban environment (P<.01), and not working (P<.001). Factors of increase in tobacco use (n=2787) were female gender (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11-1.55), having no partner (aOR 1.30, 95% CI 1.06-1.59), intermediate/low education level (P<.01), and still working in the workplace (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.17-1.86). Factors of increase in alcohol use (n=7108) were age 30-49 years (P<.05), a high level of education (P<.001), and current psychiatric treatment (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.10-1.88). The only significant factor of increase in cannabis use (n=620) was intermediate/low level of education (P<.001). Conclusions The early phase of COVID-19 containment in France led to widespread increases in addiction-related habits in the general population. Reduced well-being and increased stress were universal factors of increase. More specific factors were associated with increases in each of the explored habits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Changes and Factors of Increase in Caloric/Salty Food Intake, Screen Use, and Substance Use During the Early COVID-19 Containment Phase in the General Population in France: Survey Study

Rolland¹,

Haesebaert²,

Zante³

et al. 2020

JMIR Public Health Surveill

266

261

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Like other investigators in this area , Chan et al . report that cannabis use is associated most strongly with individuals’ educational level.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

Commentary on Chan et al. (2018): Cannabis use and educational level—which is the chicken and which is the egg?

Melchior

Silva

2018

Addiction

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“…Like other investigators in this area [9], Chan et al report that cannabis use is associated most strongly with individuals' educational level. The authors suggest that this may be due, in part, to changes in educational attainment in the population, but they were not able to explore these issues fully.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

Early cannabis initiation and educational attainment: is the association causal? Data from the French TEMPO study

Melchior

Bolze

Fombonne

et al. 2017

International Journal of Epidemiology

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From cannabis initiation to daily use: educational inequalities in consumption behaviours over three generations in France

Abstract: In France, the risk of transition from cannabis initiation to daily use has remained consistently higher among less educated cannabis initiators over three generations (1946-60, 1961-75, 1976-92), in contrast to what is observed for initiation.

Cited by 16 publications

References 47 publications

Global Changes and Factors of Increase in Caloric/Salty Food Intake, Screen Use, and Substance Use During the Early COVID-19 Containment Phase in the General Population in France: Survey Study

Global Changes and Factors of Increase in Caloric/Salty Food Intake, Screen Use, and Substance Use During the Early COVID-19 Containment Phase in the General Population in France: Survey Study

Commentary on Chan et al. (2018): Cannabis use and educational level—which is the chicken and which is the egg?

Early cannabis initiation and educational attainment: is the association causal? Data from the French TEMPO study

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