From carrot to clinic: an overview of the retinoic acid signaling pathway

Theodosiou, Maria; Laudet, Vincent; Schubert, Michael

doi:10.1007/s00018-010-0268-z

Cited by 284 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 215 publications

(303 reference statements)

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“…Retinol is then internalized after binding to a membrane receptor, STRA6 (Kawaguchi et al 2007, Hogarth & Griswold 2010. Inside the cell, retinol then undergoes the two-step oxidation process in order to become RA (Theodosiou et al 2010). It is also possible that RA is directly transported to the gonocytes from the serum (via the vasculature) or Sertoli cells (Hogarth & Griswold 2010.…”

Section: Transitional Gonocyte Differentiation In Rodentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonia differentiation: recent advances and remaining challenges

Manku¹,

Culty²

2015

Reproduction

127

105

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The production of spermatozoa relies on a pool of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), formed in infancy from the differentiation of their precursor cells, the gonocytes. Throughout adult life, SSCs will either self-renew or differentiate, in order to maintain a stem cell reserve while providing cells to the spermatogenic cycle. By contrast, gonocytes represent a transient and finite phase of development leading to the formation of SSCs or spermatogonia of the first spermatogenic wave. Gonocyte development involves phases of quiescence, cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Spermatogonia, on the other hand, remain located at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules throughout their successive phases of proliferation and differentiation. Apoptosis is an integral part of both developmental phases, allowing for the removal of defective cells and the maintenance of proper germ-Sertoli cell ratios. While gonocytes and spermatogonia mitosis are regulated by distinct factors, they both undergo differentiation in response to retinoic acid. In contrast to postpubertal spermatogenesis, the early steps of germ cell development have only recently attracted attention, unveiling genes and pathways regulating SSC self-renewal and proliferation. Yet, less is known on the mechanisms regulating differentiation. The processes leading from gonocytes to spermatogonia have been seldom investigated. While the formation of abnormal gonocytes or SSCs could lead to infertility, defective gonocyte differentiation might be at the origin of testicular germ cell tumors. Thus, it is important to better understand the molecular mechanisms regulating these processes. This review summarizes and compares the present knowledge on the mechanisms regulating mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonial differentiation.

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Section: Transitional Gonocyte Differentiation In Rodentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonia differentiation: recent advances and remaining challenges

Manku¹,

Culty²

2015

Reproduction

127

105

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“…1A). Both strains showed saturafood (Dufossé et al 2005), pharmaceutical industries as antioxidants (Chidambara Murthy et al 2005), anti-tumor agent (Raja et al 2007a, Theodosiou et al 2010) and heart disease preventive (Törnwall et al 2004). Because of the beneficial effects of β-carotene, the demand of β-carotene is increasing.…”

Section: Pigment Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the responses of two Dunaliella strains, Dunaliella salina CCAP 19/18 and Dunaliella bardawil to light intensity with special emphasis on carotenogenesis

Park¹,

Lee²,

Jin³

2013

ALGAE

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Dunaliella salina and Dunaliella bardawil are well known for carotenogenesis, the overproduction of carotenoids, under stress conditions. The effect of high light (HL) and low light (LL) on the growth, morphology, photosynthetic efficiency, and the β-carotene and zeaxanthin production of D. salina CCAP 19/18 and D. bardawil was investigated and compared. Both strains showed similar growth kinetics under LL growth condition, but D. salina CCAP 19/18 was faster. As the light intensity increased, D. salina CCAP 19/18 cells were elongated and D. bardawil cells became larger. Both strains showed decrease of the maximum quantum yield of PSII (F v /F m ) and election transport rate (ETR) under HL growth condition and D. salina CCAP 19/18 was less liable to the light stress. Both strains had about 1.8 and 5 times difference in the O 2 evolution rate at LL and HL conditions, respectively. The β-carotene and zeaxanthin production were increased as the light intensity increased in both strains. D. bardawil was more sensitive to light intensity than D. salina CCAP 19/18. The possible application of D. salina CCAP 19/18 as a carotenogenic strain will be discussed.

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“…Le flux de retinol libere par le foie est tres finement regule de maniere a maintenir une concentration constante de retinol dans le plasma (2 mmol/L). Au-dela des besoins immediats, la vitamine A alimentaire sert a constituer des reserves hepatiques qui seront ensuite utilisees au cours des periodes d'apports insuffisants (Theodosiou et al, 2010). Au niveau de la cellule cible, il semble que la RBP soit reconnue par un recepteur trans-membranaire nomme STRA6, qui prendrait en charge le retinol en le faisant entrer dans la cellule (Kawaguchi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Metabolisme Et Transport De La Vitamine Aunclassified

Vitamine A et vieillissement cérébral

Pallet

Enderlin

2011

OCL

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La vitamine A est une vitamine liposoluble qui presente des rôles importants dans differents tissus de l'organisme. Elle est impliquee dans la vision, dans le maintien de l'integrite des surfaces epitheliales, dans l'immunite, la reproduction ou encore dans la croissance et le developpement (Blomhoff et Blomhoff, 2006). En dehors de son rôle dans la vision, la vitamine A agit principalement par l'intermediaire de son metabolite l'acide retinoïque (AR) qui, en se liant a des recepteurs nucleaires, regule l'expression de genes dans les tissus cibles.Il est bien connu que les retinoïdes, et en particulier l'AR, jouent un rôle capital dans le developpement du systeme nerveux central, mais ce n'est que recemment que son action dans le cerveau adulte a retenu l'attention des scientifiques. Les donnees actuellement disponibles sur ce sujet suggerent qu'une regulation tres fine de l'expression des genes cibles de l'AR est fondamentale pour des fonctions cerebrales optimales, telles que la plasticite synaptique, l'apprentissage et la memoire. Plus recemment encore, des donnees provenant de plusieurs etudes mettent en evidence l'implication de la voie de signalisation des retinoïdes dans l'etiologie de la maladie d'Alzheimer (MA). Metabolisme et transport de la vitamine APour les mammiferes superieurs la vitamine A provient exclusivement de l'alimentation : soit sous forme de vitamine preformee (dans sa forme majoritaire il s'agit de retinol esterifie par des acides gras a longues chaînes comme le palmitate de retinyle par exemple) dans les produits animaux, ou bien sous forme de carotenoïdes provitaminiques tels que le b-carotene, a-carotene, b-cryptoxanthine, presents dans les aliments d'origine vegetale (figure 1). On recommande actuellement que 60 % de l'apport en vitamine A soit sous la forme de carotenoïdes (sources vegetales) et 40 % sous forme de retinol (sources animales) (Cordain et al., 2005). L'ester de retinol (RE) doitêtre hydrolyse avant d'être absorbe au niveau intestinal. L'efficacite d'absorption est meilleure pour la vitamine A preformee (80 a 90 %) que pour les carotenoïdes (50-60 %). Le carotene est converti en retinol au niveau de la muqueuse intestinale. Le retinol est ensuite esterifie dans les cellules de la muqueuse par la LRAT (Lecithin : retinol acyltransferase), le RE resultant de cette catalyse est incorpore dans les chylomicrons et absorbe via le systeme lymphatique (Harrison, 2005). Dans des conditions nutritionnelles normales, la plupart de la vitamine A de l'organisme est stockee dans le foie (essentiellement sous forme de retinyl ester : RE) pour une part dans les hepatocytes et pour la majorite sous forme de gouttelettes lipidiques dans les cellules etoilees du foie (encore appelees Abstract: To date, convergent data on the role of retinoic acid in the mature brain have established that this molecule, which acts as a hormone, helps to preserve cerebral plasticity by controlling dendritic spine density as well as hippocampal neurogenesis. Deterioration in cerebral plasticity seems to be ...

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From carrot to clinic: an overview of the retinoic acid signaling pathway

Cited by 284 publications

References 215 publications

Mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonia differentiation: recent advances and remaining challenges

Mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonia differentiation: recent advances and remaining challenges

Comparison of the responses of two Dunaliella strains, Dunaliella salina CCAP 19/18 and Dunaliella bardawil to light intensity with special emphasis on carotenogenesis

Vitamine A et vieillissement cérébral

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