From Classical Radiation to Modern Radiation: Past, Present, and Future of Radiation Mutation Breeding

Ma, Liqiu; Kong, Fuquan; Sun, Kai; Wang, Ting; Guo, Tao

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.768071

Cited by 63 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The outcomes of the mutation breeding technique are unpredictable even though lower mutation rates have been reported in essential genes compared to non-essential genes [ 18 ]. In addition, complex and tedious screening and selection procedures are required to identify the desired trait from a large population of mutagenized plants [ 19 ]. Transgenic technologies that involve transferring desired trait-coding genes into the elite cultivars are undoubtedly an alternative to counter losses in crop yield [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Hamdan

Karlson

Teoh

et al. 2022

Plants

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Climate change poses a serious threat to global agricultural activity and food production. Plant genome editing technologies have been widely used to develop crop varieties with superior qualities or can tolerate adverse environmental conditions. Unlike conventional breeding techniques (e.g., selective breeding and mutation breeding), modern genome editing tools offer more targeted and specific alterations of the plant genome and could significantly speed up the progress of developing crops with desired traits, such as higher yield and/or stronger resilience to the changing environment. In this review, we discuss the current development and future applications of genome editing technologies in mitigating the impacts of biotic and abiotic stresses on agriculture. We focus specifically on the CRISPR/Cas system, which has been the center of attention in the last few years as a revolutionary genome-editing tool in various species. We also conducted a bibliographic analysis on CRISPR-related papers published from 2012 to 2021 (10 years) to identify trends and potential in the CRISPR/Cas-related plant research. In addition, this review article outlines the current shortcomings and challenges of employing genome editing technologies in agriculture with notes on future prospective. We believe combining conventional and more innovative technologies in agriculture would be the key to optimizing crop improvement beyond the limitations of traditional agricultural practices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Hamdan

Karlson

Teoh

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Conventional mutagenesis using ionizing/non-ionizing irradiation and chemicals have created useful traits for various crops. These techniques can induce structural changes of the genome including deletions, insertions, and chromosomal rearrangements (Hase et al, 2020;Ma et al, 2021). These mutagenized plants were generated long before GMO regulations existed and have been used by breeders for crop improvement.…”

Section: Implementation In Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Will epigenetics be a key player in crop breeding?

Tonosaki

Fujimoto²,

Dennis³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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If food and feed production are to keep up with world demand in the face of climate change, continued progress in understanding and utilizing both genetic and epigenetic sources of crop variation is necessary. Progress in plant breeding has traditionally been thought to be due to selection for spontaneous DNA sequence mutations that impart desirable phenotypes. These spontaneous mutations can expand phenotypic diversity, from which breeders can select agronomically useful traits. However, it has become clear that phenotypic diversity can be generated even when the genome sequence is unaltered. Epigenetic gene regulation is a mechanism by which genome expression is regulated without altering the DNA sequence. With the development of high throughput DNA sequencers, it has become possible to analyze the epigenetic state of the whole genome, which is termed the epigenome. These techniques enable us to identify spontaneous epigenetic mutations (epimutations) with high throughput and identify the epimutations that lead to increased phenotypic diversity. These epimutations can create new phenotypes and the causative epimutations can be inherited over generations. There is evidence of selected agronomic traits being conditioned by heritable epimutations, and breeders may have historically selected for epiallele-conditioned agronomic traits. These results imply that not only DNA sequence diversity, but the diversity of epigenetic states can contribute to increased phenotypic diversity. However, since the modes of induction and transmission of epialleles and their stability differ from that of genetic alleles, the importance of inheritance as classically defined also differs. For example, there may be a difference between the types of epigenetic inheritance important to crop breeding and crop production. The former may depend more on longer-term inheritance whereas the latter may simply take advantage of shorter-term phenomena. With the advances in our understanding of epigenetics, epigenetics may bring new perspectives for crop improvement, such as the use of epigenetic variation or epigenome editing in breeding. In this review, we will introduce the role of epigenetic variation in plant breeding, largely focusing on DNA methylation, and conclude by asking to what extent new knowledge of epigenetics in crop breeding has led to documented cases of its successful use.

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“…Mutation breeding relies on mutagens such as chemicals or radiation that randomly induce mutations in the genome ( Holme et al. 2019 , Ma et al. 2021 ).…”

Section: Approaches For Achieving Genetic Variation By Mutagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Domestication of New Crops: Yield is Key

Luo

Najafi

Correia

et al. 2022

Plant and Cell Physiology

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Sustainable agriculture in the future will depend on crops that are tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, require minimal input of water and nutrients, and can be cultivated with a minimal carbon footprint. Wild plants that fulfil these requirements abound in nature but are typically low yielding. Thus, replacing current high-yielding crops with less productive but resilient species will require the intractable trade-off of increasing land area under cultivation to produce the same yield. Cultivating more land reduces natural resources, reduces biodiversity, and increases our carbon footprint. Sustainable intensification can be achieved by increasing yield in underutilized or wild plant species that are already resilient but achieving this goal by conventional breeding programs may be a long-term prospect. De novo domestication of orphan or crop wild relatives using mutagenesis is an alternative and fast approach to achieve resilient crops with high yield. With new precise molecular techniques it should be possible to reach economically sustainable yields in a much shorter period of time than ever before in the history of agriculture.

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From Classical Radiation to Modern Radiation: Past, Present, and Future of Radiation Mutation Breeding

Cited by 63 publications

References 90 publications

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Genome Editing for Sustainable Crop Improvement and Mitigation of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Will epigenetics be a key player in crop breeding?

Accelerated Domestication of New Crops: Yield is Key

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