From cocoa waste to sustainable bioink: valorising pectin for circular economy-driven tissue engineering

Exploiting residual cocoa biomass to extract advanced materials as building blocks for manufacturing nanoparticles aimed at alleviating formation-induced oxidative stress on human dermal fibroblasts

“…The process was conducted by modifying a methodology proposed in the literature. 13,14 A known amount of CPH powder ( X 1 ) was dissolved in a glass bottle containing 150 mL of 0.05 M NaOH and heated to a specific temperature ( X 2 ) using an ultrasonic bath for a predetermined duration ( X 3 ). Subsequently, phase separation of cellulose and pectin was achieved through centrifugation at 3900 rpm for 60 min.…”