From collocations to terms

Abstract

Collocation as a syntactical and semantic unit, in which one of lexical components is combined with the other distinguished element with the high level of predictability, is in the focus of text researchers. They are studied using the automatic text analysis, compiling general and terminological dictionaries. A large amount of term combinations in scientific texts impels linguists to study conditions that have lead to forming such unities, and also possibilities of their summarization in one-word. The spreading of word combinations with adverbial or adjectival component has become the subject of this paper. A part of them form numerous term families of split nominations with a similar key word. In scientific text the number of terms grows and requires the attention of researchers to the structure of phrases and the possibility of converting them into a stable notion of unity and further shortening them into “words-univerbs” that become some kind of a simple affixed creation with one root: солянокислий гематин – гемін. Others turn into сomposites – consequences: blood corpuscle – білі кров’яні тільця – еритроцити – білокрівці, термофіли, теплолюбні організми, теплолюби. In systems of the automated text analysis it is important to highlight phrases-collocations (constant composition, frequent of repetition of the same meaning) claiming the role of terms. Outlining type of word-combinations according to their structure is relevant. Adjectives and nouns, nouns, nouns and verb word-combinations are best studied nowadays. Resent years three-componental adverbial-and-atributtive-and-substantive terms, that show the importance of fixing in a term some aspects of characteristics of basic component: біологічно активна речовина, морфологічно комунікативно спрямована категорія, морфологічна когнітивно орієнтована категорія, морфологічна формально спрямована категорія.