From Delinquent Behavior to Official Delinquency

Williams, Jay R.; Gold, Martin I.

doi:10.1525/sp.1972.20.2.03a00070

Cited by 62 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…The correlation between government-assessed compliance and self-assessed compliance was .88, indicating that in the vast majority of cases directors of nursing were in accord with the government inspection team's assessment of the home. This validation of official recording of noncompliance with self-reports contrasts with the modest correlations between self-reports and official records for traditional criminological data (Blackmore, 1974;Erikson and Empey, 1963;Farrington, 1973;Fisher, 1970;Gibson, et al, 1970;Gold, 1970;Gould, 1969;Hindelang et al, 1981;Hirschi and Selvin, 1967;Voss, 1963;Williams and Gold, 1972).…”

Section: Operationalizing Compliancementioning

confidence: 89%

Criminological Theories and Regulatory Compliance*

Makkai

1991

Criminology

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Four traditional criminological theories—opportunity, control, subcultural, and differential association—are tested for their explanatory power in accounting for organizational compliance with regulatory laws. The primary data source is interviews with 410 chief executives of small organizations. Partial support is found for each theory; certain key concepts of each theory have a significant effect on regulatory compliance, net of a variety of characteristics of the nursing home, the residents in the home, and the inspection team. The results show that blocked legitimate opportunity has a significant effect on regulatory compliance, as does the structure of illegitimate opportunity. There is also an effect on compliance of participation in business subcultures of resistance to regulation. Belief in laws increases compliance with those laws as does differential association with or attachment to the upholders of the law. Overall, however, control theory and differential association lack explanatory power, and the explanatory power of subcultural theory is modest. Only opportunity theory explains a credible proportion of variance in compliance as a standalone theory. The significant effect of some but not all of the measures for each theory, coupled with the lack of significant explanatory power by three of the four theories, suggests the need for theoretical integration.

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Section: Operationalizing Compliancementioning

confidence: 89%

Criminological Theories and Regulatory Compliance*

Makkai

1991

Criminology

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“…This inverse relationship has been seriously questioned by studies of self-reported delinquency beginning in the 1950s and early 1960s (see for example, Nye et al, 1958;Akers, 1964;Voss, 1966;Hirschi, 1969;Gold, 1966;Doleschal, 1970;Williams and Gold, 1972). The weight of evidence from these selfreport studies, contrary to earlier findings with official data, indicates that there is no significant relationship between social status and delinquency.…”

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confidence: 87%

Social Status and Deviance

et al. 1980

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The relationship between social class and four measures of deviance was examined within the context of schools with predominantly upper‐middleclass. middle‐class, and working‐class populations. The hypothesis that there would be significant inverse relationships between social class and rates of deviant behavior within working‐class but not upper‐middle‐ or middle‐class schools was not supported by our data. There also was no consistent support found for the hypothesis that working‐class schools should have higher rates of deviance. The fact that even when we contextualize the social class/delinquency relationship we fail to find a significant inverse relationship, further confirms the conclusion that social class does not appear to be an important predictor of delinquency.

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“…Besides illuminating the processes by which sibling structure may affect behavior, these sex role studies are also relevant to the present investigation because delinquent behavior is, to a degree, linked to sex role expectations. A number of studies have shown delinquency to be more typical of boys than of girls (Hindelang, 1971;Williams and Gold, 1972;Cernkovich and Giordano, 1979). Therefore, involvement in delinquent behavior may be affected by sibling structure in the same way that other sex-role characteristics are.…”

Section: Previous Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Siblings and Delinquent Behavior: An Exploratory Study of a Neglected Family Variable

Wilkinson¹,

Stitt²,

Erickson³

1982

Criminology

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This exploratory article examines the relation between sibling structure (sex of siblings and birth order) and self‐reported delinquency. The processes of contrast and imitation, conceptual notions derived from research on sibling structure and sex roles, are used to guide this exploration. Considerable variation in delinquency by sibling status was identified. There are indications that an interaction effect exists between birth order and sex of siblings relative to rates of delinquency.

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From Delinquent Behavior to Official Delinquency

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Criminological Theories and Regulatory Compliance*

Criminological Theories and Regulatory Compliance*

Social Status and Deviance

Siblings and Delinquent Behavior: An Exploratory Study of a Neglected Family Variable

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