From gas separation to ion transport in the cavity of hyperbranched polyamides based on triptycene aimed for electrochromic and memory devices

Lv, Xinying; Li, Dongxu; Ma, Yufan; Li, Jie; Liu, Yihan; Guo, Jianming; Niu, Haijun; Zhou, Tingting; Wang, Wen

doi:10.1039/d1py01380g

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Figure S22 shows the typical CV curves of PAs, which undergo two quasi-reversible single-electron oxidation–reduction processes, which are due to the presence of two N atoms as redox center in a single link of the polymer. , Specifically, the two oxidation processes of PAs could be attributed to the successive removal of one electron from the BPT unit and the TPA group . It is worth noting that the first ( E 1/2 = 0.68, 0.71, and 0.68 V (sequence: CA, 6F, and OA)) oxidation potential of TPA-7-BPT series PAs is higher than that of TPA-12-BPT series PAs ( E 1/2 = 0.44, 0.62, and 0.54 V (sequence: CA, 6F, and OA)).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Polyamides Containing Benzophenothiazine Being Sensitive to TNP, Acid, Voltage, and Light

Zhai,

Lv,

Zhang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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To explore the key factors on the stimuli-responsive behavior of polyamides (PAs), TPA-7-BPT series with TPA-12-BPT series for comparison were synthesized by polycondensation of two kinds of diamines containing benzophenothiazine (BPT) groups fused to triphenylamine (TPA) at different positions and various dicarboxylic acid monomers, respectively. PAs exhibit significant multi-stimuli-response behavior to stimulus sources such as 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP), acid, voltage, and light. The photoluminescence (PL) of TPA-7-BPT-CA and TPA-12-BPT-CA (CA-PAs) can be quenched by TNP effectively with high selectiveness (detection limit for TNP: 138 and 168 nM, respectively). Besides, the PL intensity of TPA-7-BPT-CA could be used for detection of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (detection limit of 2.52 μM). Interestingly, the colorless TPA-7-BPT series of polymer films turn blue after acid vapor fumigation. All PA films exhibit electrochromic properties, especially the color of the TPA-12-BPT-OA film maintained electrochemical stability during 3000 s continuous cycles under a potential range of 0−1.1 V with changing back and forth between colorless and deep blue. Furthermore, photoelectronic response occurs in all PA films under xenon lamp irradiation, and the switch ratio I on /I off of TPA-12-BPT-CA is about 30. The multifunctional responsive PAs show a promising application in photoelectric sensors, explosion detectors, memristors, and smart window fields.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Polyamides Containing Benzophenothiazine Being Sensitive to TNP, Acid, Voltage, and Light

Zhai,

Lv,

Zhang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…Polyamide electrochromic materials are the most widely studied materials in SECPs [ 25 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ]. The performance comparison of PA–ECPs is listed in Table 3 .…”

Section: Special Engineering Plastic-based Electrochromic Polymers (S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress in Special Engineering Plastic-Based Electrochromic Polymers

Liu,

Xing,

Jia

et al. 2023

Materials

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SPECPs are electrochromic polymers that contain special engineering plastic structural characteristic groups (SPECPs). Due to their high thermal stability, mechanical properties, and weather resistance, they are also known as high-performance electrochromic polymer (HPEP or HPP). Meanwhile, due to the structural characteristics of their long polymer chains, these materials have natural advantages in the application of flexible electrochromic devices. According to the structure of special engineering plastic groups, SPECPs are divided into five categories: polyamide, polyimide, polyamide imide, polyarylsulfone, and polyarylketone. This article mainly introduces the latest research on SPECPs. The structural design, electrochromic properties, and applications of these materials are also introduced in this article, and the challenges and future development trends of SPECPs are prospected.

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“…Organic materials such as conducting polymers and viologens have recently become an intensive research topic. − The conducting polymers have several advantages over inorganic compounds as EC materials, including good electrochemical stability, fast switching speed, high coloring efficiency (CE), easy large-area processing, and color tuning through chemical modification. Also, triphenylamine (TPA)-containing polymers have been developed as an attractive family of EC materials because of their colorless neutral state and intriguing EC behaviors. − In recent years, redox-active materials with optical absorption change in the near IR (NIR) region have drawn significant attention due to their potential applications in optical communication, data storage, and thermal control in buildings and spacecraft. ,− For example, Wan et al reported that the quinone-containing EC materials revealed high absorption in NIR upon electrochemical reduction . Reynolds and Beaujuge reported that the conjugated polymers could exhibit multicolor in the neutral state and transmission in the oxidized state. , Liou and Lin also noted that the TPA-based polymers demonstrated an attractive anodic EC system for NIR applications due to their particular intramolecular electron transfer in the oxidized forms …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substituents and Resonance Effects on the Electrochemical Stability of Polyelectrochromic Triarylamine-Based Polymers

Chern,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Two polyamides (PAs) (PA1 and PA2) with three electroactive nitrogen atoms within triphenylamine (TPA)-containing structures were synthesized from two diamine monomers, 4,4′--bis[(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(4-aminophenyl)amino]-2″,4′′-dimethoxytriphenylamine (1-NH2 ) or 4,4′-bis(4-aminophenyl(4-methylphenyl)amino)-4′-methyltriphenylamine (2-NH2 ), and dicarboxylic acids via a phosphorylation polyamidation technique. PA1 exhibited highly integrated electrochromic performances, including multiple color changes (colorless to grass green, green, and blue), fast response speed (7.7/2.6 s at 422 nm for the first electrochromic process), high contrast of optical transmittance change (ΔT = 54% at 422 nm at the first oxidation stage), and excellent electrochromic stability. Introducing electron-donating ortho and para methoxy substituents and three electroactive nitrogen centers could effectively increase the electrochromic stability of the resulting PA1. At the first oxidation stage, PA1 exhibited the highest electrochromic stability (only 4.1 and 2.5% decay of its coloration efficiency (CE) at 422 and 1252 nm after 15,000 switching cycles, respectively) compared to all other TPA-based polymers. It was noteworthy for the first time that the polymers containing more electroactive nitrogen centers reveal longer wavelength absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) region at the first oxidation stage due to cation radical delocalization. The delocalization could facilitate electrochromic stability, and the relationship between the structures and electrochromic stability for these TPA-based polymers was also investigated. In addition, these PAs exhibited good solubility in many solvents and could be solution-cast into flexible films. They showed good thermal stability with glass transition temperatures ranging from 236 to 278 °C and 10% weight loss in nitrogen at temperatures above 425 °C.

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From gas separation to ion transport in the cavity of hyperbranched polyamides based on triptycene aimed for electrochromic and memory devices

Abstract: With the aim to obtain robust electrochemical cycling stability which is crucial for application of smart electrochromic devices (ECD), we propose an effect strategy by introducing three-dimensional (3D) star-shaped triptycene...

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Polyamides Containing Benzophenothiazine Being Sensitive to TNP, Acid, Voltage, and Light

Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Polyamides Containing Benzophenothiazine Being Sensitive to TNP, Acid, Voltage, and Light

Research Progress in Special Engineering Plastic-Based Electrochromic Polymers

Substituents and Resonance Effects on the Electrochemical Stability of Polyelectrochromic Triarylamine-Based Polymers

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