From Genetics to Epigenetics, Roles of Epigenetics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Zeng, Zhen; Mukherjee, Arjudeb; Hu, Zhang

doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.01017

Cited by 49 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(218 reference statements)

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“…The identification of markers for the diagnosis of IBD is of utmost importance, and DNA methylation and miRNAs (microRNA) are special biomarkers for diagnosis at the molecular level. Indeed, studies have shown a strong sensitivity, specificity, and precision of these markers in the diagnosis of IBD [ 106 ].…”

Section: Epigenetics and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, epigenetic markers related to immunoregulation, intestinal epithelial barrier, and autophagy are differently expressed among IBD and healthy controls, and between UC and CD patients as well. Moreover, miRNAs may be used as biomarkers for disease assessment in the future, as they are more convenient than endoscopy and biopsies, mainly for patients with active disease [ 106 ]. MiRNA are a class of small non-coding RNA (17–22 nucleotides) that regulates gene expression post-transcriptionally.…”

Section: Epigenetics and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin D Modulates Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Battistini

Ballan

Herkenhoff

et al. 2020

IJMS

110

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which differ in the location and lesion extensions. Both diseases are associated with microbiota dysbiosis, with a reduced population of butyrate-producing species, abnormal inflammatory response, and micronutrient deficiency (e.g., vitamin D hypovitaminosis). Vitamin D (VitD) is involved in immune cell differentiation, gut microbiota modulation, gene transcription, and barrier integrity. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates the biological actions of the active VitD (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), and is involved in the genetic, environmental, immune, and microbial aspects of IBD. VitD deficiency is correlated with disease activity and its administration targeting a concentration of 30 ng/mL may have the potential to reduce disease activity. Moreover, VDR regulates functions of T cells and Paneth cells and modulates release of antimicrobial peptides in gut microbiota-host interactions. Meanwhile, beneficial microbial metabolites, e.g., butyrate, upregulate the VDR signaling. In this review, we summarize the clinical progress and mechanism studies on VitD/VDR related to gut microbiota modulation in IBD. We also discuss epigenetics in IBD and the probiotic regulation of VDR. Furthermore, we discuss the existing challenges and future directions. There is a lack of well-designed clinical trials exploring the appropriate dose and the influence of gender, age, ethnicity, genetics, microbiome, and metabolic disorders in IBD subtypes. To move forward, we need well-designed therapeutic studies to examine whether enhanced vitamin D will restore functions of VDR and microbiome in inhibiting chronic inflammation.

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Section: Epigenetics and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epigenetics and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Modulates Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Battistini

Ballan

Herkenhoff

et al. 2020

IJMS

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…IBD arises as a result of inappropriate immune response to intestinal commensal organisms in individuals with genetic predisposition and consequently causes inflammation and intestinal ulcers [1] ,. In addition, IBD has a complex pathogenesis and many factors such as dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and epigenetics that may also be involved in disease pathogenesis [2] , [3] , [4] . Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's diseases (CD) are known as two main forms of IBD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calprotectin in inflammatory bowel disease

Khaki‐Khatibi

Qujeq

Kashifard

et al. 2020

Clinica Chimica Acta

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Highlights The prevalence of IBD is increasing in many societies. The need for an appropriate biomarker for the diagnosis and management of IBD is felt. Fecal Calprotectin is helpful biomarker in discrimination between IBD and IBS. Fecal calprotectin showed significant correlation with some endoscopic activity indices. In COVID-19 pandemic, fecal calprotectin can be helpful for IBD non-invasive management. In interpreting the results of fecal calprotectin test, test limitations should be considered.

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“…The identification of markers for the diagnosis of IBD is of utmost importance, and DNA methylation and miRNAs are special biomarkers for diagnosis at the molecular level. Indeed, studies have shown a strong sensitivity, specificity, and precision of these markers in the diagnosis of IBD [16].…”

Section: Epigenetics and Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, epigenetics may explain how environment and genetics might be involved in the development, progression, pathogenicity, and response to treatments. Also, epigenetic markers related to immunoregulation, intestinal epithelial barrier, and autophagy are differently expressed among IBD and healthy controls, and between UC and CD patients as well, and miRNAs (microRNA) may be used as biomarkers for disease assessment in the future, as they are more convenient than endoscopy and biopsies, mainly for patients with active disease [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Modulates Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Battistini¹,

Ballan²,

Herkenhoff³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). IBD include ulcerative colitis (UC), which generally affects only the large intestine mucosa and submucosa, and Crohn’s disease (CD), which may affect any part of the GIT by transmural inflammation. Both UC and CD are associated with an imbalance of the gut microbiota composition and injuries in the intestinal mucosa. The intestinal dysbiosis is related to a reduction in butyrate-producing species, impairing the anti-inflammatory response of the immune system, and is commonly associated with micronutrients deficiency, e.g. vitamin D hypovitaminosis. Vitamin D is involved in several critical functions, including immune cell differentiation, regulation of microbiota, gene transcription, and barrier integrity. Vitamin D supplementation in IBD patients showed promising results in reducing the disease activity and modulating gut microbiota. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates the biological actions of the active vitamin D metabolite, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Evidence supports that the VDR signaling is involved in the genetic, environmental, immune, and microbial aspects of IBD. Low VDR expression and dysfunction of vitamin D/VDR signaling are reported in IBD patients. Vitamin D/VDR deficiency could be considered as a multifunctional susceptibility factor in IBD. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the progress in clinical studies, mechanism studies on Vitamin D /VDR, and potential use of vitamin D supplementation as adjuvant therapy to restore gut microbiota balance, promote beneficial metabolites, and inhibit inflammation status in patients with IBD.

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From Genetics to Epigenetics, Roles of Epigenetics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cited by 49 publications

References 127 publications

Vitamin D Modulates Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Vitamin D Modulates Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Calprotectin in inflammatory bowel disease

Vitamin D Modulates Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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