From gristle to chondrocyte transplantation: treatment of cartilage injuries

Lindahl, Anders

doi:10.1098/rstb.2014.0369

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A major challenge in reconstructive plastic surgery is the repair or replacement of damaged or absent cartilaginous structures, such as the auricle or the nose. [ 1 ] Current surgical procedures have several drawbacks involving complications, such as infections, tissue necrosis, and pain. Furthermore, the final outcome of surgery is often less than perfect,[ 2 , 3 ] with these procedures constituting time-consuming and typically multi-staged processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondrocytes and stem cells in 3D-bioprinted structures create human cartilage in vivo

et al. 2017

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Cartilage repair and replacement is a major challenge in plastic reconstructive surgery. The development of a process capable of creating a patient-specific cartilage framework would be a major breakthrough. Here, we described methods for creating human cartilage in vivo and quantitatively assessing the proliferative capacity and cartilage-formation ability in mono- and co-cultures of human chondrocytes and human mesenchymal stem cells in a three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinted hydrogel scaffold. The 3D-bioprinted constructs (5 × 5 × 1.2 mm) were produced using nanofibrillated cellulose and alginate in combination with human chondrocytes and human mesenchymal stem cells using a 3D-extrusion bioprinter. Immediately following bioprinting, the constructs were implanted subcutaneously on the back of 48 nude mice and explanted after 30 and 60 days, respectively, for morphological and immunohistochemical examination. During explantation, the constructs were easy to handle, and the majority had retained their macroscopic grid appearance. Constructs consisting of human nasal chondrocytes showed good proliferation ability, with 17.2% of the surface areas covered with proliferating chondrocytes after 60 days. In constructs comprising a mixture of chondrocytes and stem cells, an additional proliferative effect was observed involving chondrocyte production of glycosaminoglycans and type 2 collagen. This clinically highly relevant study revealed 3D bioprinting as a promising technology for the creation of human cartilage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondrocytes and stem cells in 3D-bioprinted structures create human cartilage in vivo

et al. 2017

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“…Cartilage is an avascular tissue that once degenerated or wounded has limited ability to heal. Current reconstructive options for cartilage repair 1 or replacement 2 are limited by numerous problems and the lack of suitable cartilage substitute poses a major challenge. The demand for cartilage tissue restoration is therefore high.…”

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confidence: 99%

In Vivo Chondrogenesis in 3D Bioprinted Human Cell-laden Hydrogel Constructs

Möller

Amoroso

Hägg

et al. 2017

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Background:The three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology allows creation of 3D constructs in a layer-by-layer fashion utilizing biologically relevant materials such as biopolymers and cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of 3D bioprinting in a clinically relevant setting to evaluate the potential of this technique for in vivo chondrogenesis.Methods:Thirty-six nude mice (Balb-C, female) received a 5- × 5- × 1-mm piece of bioprinted cell-laden nanofibrillated cellulose/alginate construct in a subcutaneous pocket. Four groups of printed constructs were used: (1) human (male) nasal chondrocytes (hNCs), (2) human (female) bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), (3) coculture of hNCs and hBMSCs in a 20/80 ratio, and (4) Cell-free scaffolds (blank). After 14, 30, and 60 days, the scaffolds were harvested for histological, immunohistochemical, and mechanical analysis.Results:The constructs had good mechanical properties and keep their structural integrity after 60 days of implantation. For both the hNC constructs and the cocultured constructs, a gradual increase of glycosaminoglycan production and hNC proliferation was observed. However, the cocultured group showed a more pronounced cell proliferation and enhanced deposition of human collagen II demonstrated by immunohistochemical analysis.Conclusions:In vivo chondrogenesis in a 3D bioprinted human cell-laden hydrogel construct has been demonstrated. The trophic role of the hBMSCs in stimulating hNC proliferation and matrix deposition in the coculture group suggests the potential of 3D bioprinting of human cartilage for future application in reconstructive surgery.

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“…Although collagen type II is the main collagen (95% of total collagen), there are other collagens present such as type I, II, VI, IX, X, and XI. Collagen type I is present in small amounts only in the superficial zone, but can be found abundantly in fibrocartilage so can be used as a useful indicator of fibrocartilage formation [33,35,36]. Subsequently, the ratio between collagen I and collagen II can be used as a marker to assess the status of the cartilage tissue as chondrocytes cultured in vitro monolayer express higher levels of collagen type I indicating that the chondrocytes have undergone dedifferentiation [29].…”

Section: Composition Of Articular Cartilagementioning

confidence: 99%

Biological perspectives and current biofabrication strategies in osteochondral tissue engineering

et al. 2020

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Articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone are crucial in human movement and when damaged through disease or trauma impacts severely on quality of life. Cartilage has a limited regenerative capacity due to its avascular composition and current therapeutic interventions have limited efficacy. With a rapidly ageing population globally, the numbers of patients requiring therapy for osteochondral disorders is rising, leading to increasing pressures on healthcare systems. Research into novel therapies using tissue engineering has become a priority. However, rational design of biomimetic and clinically effective tissue constructs requires basic understanding of osteochondral biological composition, structure, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, consideration of material design, scaffold architecture, and biofabrication strategies, is needed to assist in the development of tissue engineering therapies enabling successful translation into the clinical arena. This review provides a starting point for any researcher investigating tissue engineering for osteochondral applications. An overview of biological properties of osteochondral tissue, current clinical practices, the role of tissue engineering and biofabrication, and key challenges associated with new treatments is provided. Developing precisely engineered tissue constructs with mechanical and phenotypic stability is the goal. Future work should focus on multi-stimulatory environments, long-term studies to determine phenotypic alterations and tissue formation, and the development of novel bioreactor systems that can more accurately resemble the in vivo environment.

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From gristle to chondrocyte transplantation: treatment of cartilage injuries

Cited by 18 publications

References 61 publications

Chondrocytes and stem cells in 3D-bioprinted structures create human cartilage in vivo

Chondrocytes and stem cells in 3D-bioprinted structures create human cartilage in vivo

In Vivo Chondrogenesis in 3D Bioprinted Human Cell-laden Hydrogel Constructs

Biological perspectives and current biofabrication strategies in osteochondral tissue engineering

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