From gut to brain: understanding the role of microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

Wang, Siyu; Zhou, Shuwei; Han, Zhongyu; Yu, Bin; Xu, Yin; Lin, Yumeng; Chen, Yutong; Jin, Zi; Li, Yalong; Cao, Qinhan; Xu, Yunying; Zhang, Qiang; Wang, Yuan-Cheng

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384270

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 197 publications

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“…Firstly, they alter circulating cytokines, inciting brain inflammatory responses. Numerous studies indicate that both intestinal microbiota and mucosal cells can modulate the activation of immune molecules that impact the CNS [88][89][90]. Additionally, they influence the development and balance of microglia, which are vital for regulating CNS development processes, like myelination and neurogenesis, in mature brains.…”

Section: Neutrophil Activity During the Acute Phase Of Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophils in the Focus: Impact on Neuroimmune Dynamics and the Gut–Brain Axis

Krsek,

Baticic

2024

Gastrointestinal Disorders

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The growing field of gut–brain axis research offers significant potential to revolutionize medical practices and improve human well-being. Neutrophils have emerged as key players in gut–brain inflammation, contributing to the relocation of inflammatory cells from the gut to the brain and exacerbating neuroinflammation in conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease and neurodegenerative diseases. The intricate network of molecular and functional connections that interlinks the brain with the gastrointestinal system is characterized by complex signaling pathways. Understanding the complex interplay among the microbiota, gut, and brain offers unparalleled opportunities to develop novel therapeutic interventions for neurological disorders and improve overall health outcomes. The aim of this review was to comprehensively summarize current knowledge and future perspectives regarding the multifaceted role of neutrophils and their impact on the neuroimmune dynamics in the context of the gut–brain axis.

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Section: Neutrophil Activity During the Acute Phase Of Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophils in the Focus: Impact on Neuroimmune Dynamics and the Gut–Brain Axis

Krsek,

Baticic

2024

Gastrointestinal Disorders

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Autism Spectrum and gastrointestinal health: Screening on the influence of environmental factors on gastrointestinal problems

Brito,

Tocantins,

Brentani

et al. 2024

Autism Research

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that combines genetic and environmental factors. The human microbiota is colonized by permanent or transitory microorganisms, depending on the host and the external factors controlling their permanence. The composition of the gut microbiota (GM) in ASD individuals is notably different from that in controls, which may contribute to the clinical conditions observed in these individuals. This study aimed to indirectly investigate the influence of GM on the gut‐brain axis in individuals with ASD and controls by analyzing environmental factors that contribute to the microbiota composition. Two questionnaires were designed to collect data, one for the ASD Group (ASDG) and the other one for the Control Group (CG). The raw data from both questionnaires were collected from 2772 respondents. After triage, answers from 1687 ASD individuals, along with 466 respondents from the CG, were analyzed, resulting in a total of 2237 respondents. Our results showed that gastrointestinal problems (GP) escalate as individuals age and become more prominent in ASD individuals. In contrast, feeding problems (FP) did not appear to escalate in either group as individuals aged, even though the FP decreased in the CG. ANOVA revealed significant differences in breastfeeding status compared to GPs among preterm control individuals born via cesarean section (p‐value = 0.027). The mean values of GP for breastfed and nonbreastfed individuals, for ASDG (0.257; 0.268) and CG (0.105; 0.248), highlighted the differences in breastfeeding effects on GP for the study groups. The use of antibiotics during pregnancy seemed to be significant for GPs in the ASDG only for breastfed individuals (p‐value <0.001), but not in the CG group. In conclusion, variables such as mode of delivery, FPs, type of birth, and length of breastfeeding do not seem to be determining factors for GP in the ASDG but are relevant for the CG. However, for ASDG individuals whose mothers took antibiotics during pregnancy, breastfeeding may act as a protective factor, as maternal antibiotic administration during pregnancy seems to aggravate GP‐values across the ages of the participants. Considering GP as a proxy for GM and recognizing the importance of GM composition for central nervous system (CNS) function, it appears that in individuals with ASD, GM seems to be more dependent on other factors, which might be linked to the genetic background of each one. These findings suggest that future studies of the gut‐brain axis in individuals with ASD might consider the individual's genetic background, environmental factors, and GM.

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Exploring the management and treatment of IBD from the perspective of psychological comorbidities

Feng,

Cai,

Zou

et al. 2024

Therap Adv Gastroenterol

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The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and other psychological comorbidities among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) significantly exceeds that of the general population. Moreover, a bidirectional relationship exists between psychological comorbidities and IBD. This intricate interplay has substantial clinical implications, impacting treatment adherence, therapeutic efficacy, and disease recurrence rates. In this review, we explore the multifaceted mechanisms through which psychological factors influence IBD progression, treatment response, and prognosis. Specifically, we delve into the involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, enteric nervous system, microbiota-gut-brain axis, systemic inflammatory cytokines, and immune cell function. Additionally, we discuss the potential benefits of antidepressant therapy in mitigating IBD risk and the role of psychotropic drugs in reducing peripheral inflammation. Recognizing and addressing psychological comorbidity is pivotal in comprehensive IBD management. We advocate for the integration of biopsychosocial approaches into IBD treatment strategies, emphasizing the need for innovative psychological interventions as adjuncts to conventional therapies. Rigorous research investigating the impact of antidepressants and behavioral interventions on IBD-specific outcomes may herald a paradigm shift in IBD management.

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From gut to brain: understanding the role of microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 197 publications

Neutrophils in the Focus: Impact on Neuroimmune Dynamics and the Gut–Brain Axis

Neutrophils in the Focus: Impact on Neuroimmune Dynamics and the Gut–Brain Axis

Autism Spectrum and gastrointestinal health: Screening on the influence of environmental factors on gastrointestinal problems

Exploring the management and treatment of IBD from the perspective of psychological comorbidities

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