From high-energy demands to nZEB: the retrofit of a school in Catalonia, Spain

Berardi, Umberto; Manca, Mauro; Casaldàliga, P.; Felipe, Pich-Aguilera

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.11.130

Cited by 33 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is currently home to four different uses: the University and the Conservatory regularly in use, the De Simone theatre, owned by the Municipality of Benevento, which occasionally hosts events and the Church of the former college, currently owned by the University, which is closed off to the public, in poor maintenance conditions and totally devoid of windows. The intent of the study has been to evaluate the thermo-hygrometric comfort, the indoor air quality and the energy performance of the various users of the building with the aim of finding strategies for a global technological-plant improvement such as to make the building compliant with the nZEB legislative standards [25], without exceeding the restrictive constraints imposed by the Superintendence to preserve its historical value, and also referring to similar studies on existing buildings [26], historical and nonhistorical, seats of schools [27][28][29], offices and university faculties [30,31], theatres [32] and churches [33,34]. Although starting from an original average energy performance for each of the intended uses, the various simulations have shown that it would be possible to achieve a good reduction in energy needs by making minimal changes in the management and control of systems (HVAC and electrical system).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of a historical building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB)

Romano

Mancini

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The European Commission strategic long-term vision for a prosperous, modern, competitive and climate-neutral economy by 2050 outlines main strategic blocks to maximise the benefits of energy efficiency, including zero emission buildings and to maximise the deployment of renewables and the use of electricity to fully decarbonise Europe’s energy supply. The following EU Climate Target Plan 2030 underlines, once again and even more urgently than in 2050, the strong need to build a modern, sustainable and resilient Europe, and this high objective means cleaner air, more energy security and more energy-efficient buildings. Looking at these European directives, Italy has signed the PNIEC, with whom intends to pursue an indicative target of reducing consumption by 2030 equal to 43% of primary energy and 39.7% of final energy compared to the PRIMES 2007 reference scenario. To achieve this goal, particular attention is paid to the existing buildings such as Palazzo De Simone. This historical building, built in the eighteenth century on a project by the architect Raguzzini, located in Benevento (BN), is now home to four different uses: the De Simone Theatre, the De Simone Chapel, a faculty of the University of Sannio and the Conservatory of Benevento. Starting from an extensive historical research, as well as from a series of non-destructive in-situ surveys and environmental measurements, it has been possible to create a satisfactory analysis framework. Later, the design objectives have been identified and, starting from these, design strategies and solutions have been formulated. It has been decided to act at a global level with a conservative restoration in compliance with the constraints imposed by the Superintendence, and at a specific level first on the building envelope, leaving the systems unchanged, then on the systems, leaving the envelope unchanged. Finally, crossing the results, the transformation of the historical building in a nZEB has been obtained, in compliance with the legislative constraints imposed by the national regulations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of a historical building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB)

Romano

Mancini

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Calculated unit cost of roof insulation = 39.1 EUR/m 2 , basement insulation = 44.7 EUR/m 2 , external wall insulation = 55.9 EUR/m 2 , and new windows = 326.9 EUR/m 2 . The retrofit of a school (1641 m 2 of occupied area) in Spain to the nZEB standard [79] resulted in unit investment costs from 75.6 EUR/m 2 for insulation under cantilevered floors, 97.0 EUR/m 2 for ceiling insulation (15 cm) to 115.1 EUR/m 2 for external wall insulation (15 cm XPS). More expensive was a replacement of old windows into new with double glazing low emissivity: 578.7 EUR/m 2 , and window area enlargement in south and east façade cost 1232.5 EUR/m 2 .…”

Section: Economic and Energy Analysis Of Modernization 61 Introductor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Effectiveness or Economic Profitability? A Case Study of Thermal Modernization of a School Building

2021

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Thermal refurbishment of buildings results in certain energy, financial, and environmental effects. Such investments are financially supported in Poland after meeting the legally defined conditions of thermal protection and energy consumption. This paper presents a complex thermal modernization of a school building, performed by following Polish regulations. A detailed description of the studied object was given, and the calculation procedure was described. Then an optimal variant of an investment and an ex-post analysis were described. Simple payback time (SPBT) of modernization measures was from 15.8 years (insulation of the ceiling under the unheated attic) to 87 years for insulation of the wooden external wall, with 35.6 years for the whole project, which is shorter than the predicted lifespan of the whole building (50–70 years). Annual calculated heating demand decreased from 464.78 to 168.73 GJ, resulting in the primary energy consumption indicator (EP) of 484.44 and 129.46 kWh/m2, respectively. Thermal refurbishment with the replacement of an old boiler into a new wood-pellet one resulted in a significant reduction of SO2 and dust emissions from 451 to 27.5 kg and from 399 to 13 kg, respectively.

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“…The authors of the article propose another form of raw material savings in the production of construction products and construction of entire buildings, closely related to energy savings and reduction in CO 2 emissions through diagnostics and research prevention of wood-built materials (structures) and the creation of a secondary market of building materials (not only wood) intended for re-building after a prior determination of technical characteristics and degree of wear and tear [16,43,[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77]. The research in [39] has led to the development of general conclusions and recommendations for investors and designers of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly houses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old and Modern Wooden Buildings in the Context of Sustainable Development

2021

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Construction is a powerful industry that is not indifferent to the environment. Neither the maintenance of buildings in a proper technical condition nor their eventual demolition is indifferent to the environment. The main threats to the environment are still the inefficient use of construction materials and energy needed for their production and installation, as well as the emission of harmful substances to the environment at the stage of operation of buildings and their demolition. This article discusses the importance of wood as a renewable material in terms of its physical and mechanical properties. The restoration of forest areas is of great importance to the global ecosystem and the sustainable development system, reducing the threat of global warming and the greenhouse effect by reducing CO2 levels. In addition, demolition wood can be reused in construction, can be safely recycled as it quickly decomposes, or can be used as a source of renewable energy. The preservation of existing timber-framed buildings in good condition contributes to a lower consumption of this raw material for repair, which already significantly reduces the energy required for their manufacture, transport, and assembly. This also reduces the amount of waste that would have to be disposed of in various ways. Both at the stage of design, execution, and then exploitation, one forgets about the physical processes taking place inside the partitions and about the external climatic influences of the environment (precipitation, water vapor, and temperature) on which the type, intensity, and extent of chemical and biological corrosion depend to a very high degree. This paper presents examples of the influence of such impacts on the operational safety of three selected objects: a feed storehouse and an officer casino building from the second half of the nineteenth century and an 18th century rural homestead building. The research carried out on wooden structures of the above-mentioned objects “in situ” was verified by means of simulation models, which presented their initial and current technical conditions in relation to the type and amount of impact they should safely absorb. Moreover, within the framework of this paper, artificial intelligence methods have been implemented to predict the biological corrosion of the structures studied. The aim of the paper was to draw attention to the timber already built into buildings, which may constitute waste even after several years of operation, requiring disposal and at the same time the production of a substitute. The purpose of the research carried out by the authors of the article was to examine the older and newer buildings in use, the structures of which, in whole or in part, were made of wood. On a global scale, there will be considerable demand for the energy required to thermally dispose of this waste or to deposit it in landfills with very limited capacity until its complete biological decomposition. These energy demands and greenhouse gas emissions can be prevented by effective diagnostics of such structures and the predictability of their behaviour over time, with respect to the conditions under which they are operated. The authors of the article, during each assessment of the technical condition of a building containing wooden elements, analysed the condition of their protection each time and predicted the period of their safe life without the need for additional reinforcements or replacement by others. As the later reality shows, it is a very effective method of saving money and energy.

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From high-energy demands to nZEB: the retrofit of a school in Catalonia, Spain

Cited by 33 publications

References 10 publications

Transformation of a historical building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB)

Transformation of a historical building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB)

Energy Effectiveness or Economic Profitability? A Case Study of Thermal Modernization of a School Building

Old and Modern Wooden Buildings in the Context of Sustainable Development

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