From hot to cold: A spatial analysis of self‐employment in the United States

Abstract

Self‐employment is a geographical phenomenon influenced by national and regional contexts. However, the study of both contexts combined is scarce in the literature on the formation of regional clusters. Using panel data from the USA for 1998‐2018, we perform different techniques to study both contexts combined, including exploratory spatial data analysis and dynamic spatial estimations. We find evidence of spatial dependence of selfemployment rates, although it has decreased over time. Results also suggest that most of the spatial dependence is explained by the clusters of regions with low entrepreneurship activity, and that clusters formed by highly entrepreneurial regions are the most sensitive to fluctuations in the national selfemployment rate.

Political competition, spatial interactions, and default risk of local government debts in China

“…We adopt the spatial panel data model (SPDM), a flexible model specification approach to capture possible spatial interactions of default risk on local government debts. With extensive availability of panel datasets, the SPDM has been widely applied in empirics of regional science (Almeida et al, 2021; Donfouet et al, 2018; Fingleton & Arbia, 2008; Hortas‐Rico & Rios, 2020; Santolini, 2020). The general expression of SPDM is specified as follows: where the dependent variable Risk it represents the level of debt default risk of city i in year t , which is endogenously determined by neighbouring cities' behaviours, .…”

“…We adopt the spatial panel data model (SPDM), a flexible model specification approach to capture possible spatial interactions of default risk on local government debts. With extensive availability of panel datasets, the SPDM has been widely applied in empirics of regional science (Almeida et al, 2021;Donfouet et al, 2018;Fingleton & Arbia, 2008;Hortas-Rico & Rios, 2020;Santolini, 2020). The general expression of SPDM is specified as follows:…”

Clusters in foreign-born vs. native self-employment in Europe: do we look alike?

“…Recently, Alden et al (2021) have confirmed this evidence for Sweden and highlight that attitudes toward SE differ dramatically between natives and foreign-born individuals. Moreover, Almeida et al (2021) show the geographical nature of SE, which is affected by both national and regional elements. Therefore, the distinctive features of SE for different individuals in Europe (Saridakis et al, 2019), as well as the existence of significant differences in SE across Europe, highlight the importance of augmenting the scarce available evidence about this topic in the European context.…”