From ideation to attempt: A study of suicidality and its correlates amongst patients with schizophrenia in a resource-poor country

Ogunnubi, Oluseun Peter; Aina, F; Busari, Cecilia O.; Fatiregun, Olamijulo; Fadipe, Babatunde; Adegbohun, Abosede Adekeji; Oni, Osunwale Dahunsi

doi:10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v28i0.1547

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Previous study indicated that the more patients spent on their illness monthly, the worse quality of life of informal caregivers, in particular the population with low income and lack of medical security. 23 This result was similar to our study. It is well-known that PLWHA require lifelong therapy with combinations of antiretroviral drugs, necessitating substantial economic resources.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Beyond the Burden: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Experiences of Chinese Informal Caregivers for People Living with HIV or AIDS

Zhang,

Liu,

Han

et al. 2024

PPA

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Purpose Informal caregivers are defined as families or close friends of patients, which take considerable responsibilities for providing care to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Although there have been a number of studies in caregiver of PLWHA, research studies that sought to quantify the effects of informal caregiving for the caregivers failed to successfully provide empirical understanding of the nature of caregiving experience. Therefore, this study adopted a qualitative approach to explore the experiences and feelings of caregivers of PLWHA during the long-term care process. Methods The qualitative study was conducted in August 2023 in Beijing, China. Data were collected through individual in-depth semi-structured interviews with informal caregivers of PLWHA. Theme analysis was used to identify themes from the interview transcripts. Results A total of 21 participants were recruited into our study, 16 were family members of PLWAHA, and 5 were homosexual lover or close friend of PLWHA. Three major themes and ten sub themes were identified by thematic analysis: (1) care burden experience (including 5 sub-themes: negative emotional experience, psychological burden, economic burden, physical health loss and limitation of social interaction); (2) benefit findings from care (including 3 sub-theme: positive emotional experience, perceived social support, health promotion); (3) Demands for caregiving capacity (including 2 sub-theme: inadequate caregiving capacity and inadequate psychological comfort capacity). Conclusion This qualitative study provides a comprehensive exploration of the experiences faced by informal caregivers of PLWHA in China, uncovering the complex spectrum of psychological, physical, social, and economic challenges inherent in their caregiving roles, while predominantly challenging, caregivers also reported personal growth, increased social support, and emotional fulfillment. The research results could help in developing effective interventions to reduce the caregiver burden and improve their mental health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Beyond the Burden: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Experiences of Chinese Informal Caregivers for People Living with HIV or AIDS

Zhang,

Liu,

Han

et al. 2024

PPA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Studies from populations in sub–Saharan Africa on suicidal attempts in persons with schizophrenia are scarce. A study in Ethiopia found an SB prevalence of 30% ( 31 ), which is closely similar to our study (32%); however, in Nigeria, the prevalence of SB was higher than in our study at 43% ( 32 ). This higher prevalence was attributed to the very high levels of stigma for schizophrenia and psychotic disorders found in Nigeria ( 33 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Suicidal attempts and ideations in Kenyan adults with psychotic disorders: An observational study of frequency and associated risk factors

Ongeri

Kariuki²,

Nyawira³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundPsychotic disorders increase the risk for premature mortality with up to 40% of this mortality attributable to suicide. Although suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior (SB) are high in persons with psychotic disorders in sub-Saharan Africa, there is limited data on the risk of suicide and associated factors among persons with psychotic disorders.MethodsWe assessed SI and SB in persons with psychotic disorders, drawn from a large case-control study examining the genetics of psychotic disorders in a Kenyan population. Participants with psychotic disorders were identified using a clinical review of records, and the diagnosis was confirmed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). We conducted bivariate and multivariate logistic (for binary suicide outcomes) or linear regression (for suicide risk score) analysis for each of the suicide variables, with demographic and clinical variables as determinants.ResultsOut of 619 participants, any current SI or lifetime suicidal attempts was reported by 203 (32.8%) with psychotic disorders, of which 181 (29.2%) had a lifetime suicidal attempt, 60 (9.7%) had SI in the past month, and 38 (20.9%) had both. Family history of suicidality was significantly associated with an increased risk of suicidality across all the following four outcomes: SI [OR = 2.56 (95% CI: 1.34–4.88)], suicidal attempts [OR = 2.01 (95% CI: 1.31–3.06)], SI and SB [OR = 2.00 (95% CI: 1.31–3.04)], and suicide risk score [beta coefficient = 7.04 (2.72; 11.36), p = 0.001]. Compared to persons aged <25 years, there were reduced odds for SI for persons aged ≥ 25 years [OR = 0.30 (95% CI: 0.14–0.62)] and ≥ 45 years [OR = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.12–0.89)]. The number of negative life events experienced increased the risk of SI and SB [OR = 2.91 (95% CI: 1.43–5.94)] for 4 or more life events. Higher negative symptoms were associated with more suicidal attempts [OR = 2.02 (95%CI: 1.15–3.54)]. Unemployment was also associated with an increased risk for suicidal attempts [OR = 1.58 (95%CI: 1.08–2.33)] and SI and SB [OR = 1.68 (95% CI: 1.15–2.46)].ConclusionSuicidal ideation and SB are common in persons with psychotic disorders in this African setting and are associated with sociodemographic factors, such as young age and unemployment, and clinical factors, such as family history of suicidality. Interventions targeted at the community (e.g., economic empowerment) or at increasing access to care and treatment for persons with psychotic disorders may reduce the risk of suicide in this vulnerable population group.

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“…Additionally, high suicide attempts was found to be associated with increased suicidal ideation in people with SZ, similar to a previous study [ 68 ]. Suicide is a continuous process, and more suicide attempts may lead to more suicides [ 69 ]. Of interest, the results of the moderating effects show that this relationship weakened with increases in the RBANS-Visuospatial, Language, Attention, and IRI-PD scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal ideation in Chinese adults with schizophrenia: associations with neurocognitive function and empathy

et al. 2023

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Background Suicidal ideation is common among people diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and may be related to neurocognitive, social cognitive, and clinical variables. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between suicidal ideation and both neurocognitive function and empathy. Methods The sample for this cross-sectional study comprised 301 schizophrenic patients aged 18–44 years. All participants were administered the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation—Chinese Version (BSI—CV), the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The demographic and clinical data of the patients were also collected. Results In total, 82 patients reported suicidal ideation. Compared to patients without suicidal ideation, patients with suicidal ideation showed significant differences in the IRI-Personal Distress subscale, PANSS-General Psychopathology symptom scores, and suicide attempts. Moreover, there were moderating effects of neurocognitive function and empathy on the relationship between suicide attempts and suicidal ideation. Conclusions These results indicate that the personal distress component of empathy, general psychopathology symptoms and suicide attempts are independent risk factors for suicidal ideation in Chinese adults with schizophrenia. Moreover, neurocognitive function may also be related to suicidal ideation through a moderating relationship. In order to reduce suicidal ideation among patients with schizophrenia, early screening of empathy and neurocognitive function is essential.

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From ideation to attempt: A study of suicidality and its correlates amongst patients with schizophrenia in a resource-poor country

Abstract: This study assessed the prevalence and pattern of suicidality and its relationship with certain sociodemographic and clinical variables.

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Beyond the Burden: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Experiences of Chinese Informal Caregivers for People Living with HIV or AIDS

Beyond the Burden: A Qualitative Inquiry into the Experiences of Chinese Informal Caregivers for People Living with HIV or AIDS

Suicidal attempts and ideations in Kenyan adults with psychotic disorders: An observational study of frequency and associated risk factors

Suicidal ideation in Chinese adults with schizophrenia: associations with neurocognitive function and empathy

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