From Industry 4.0 towards Industry 5.0: A Review and Analysis of Paradigm Shift for the People, Organization and Technology

Abstract

The industry is a key driver of economic development. However, changes caused by introduction of modern technologies, and increasing complexity of products and production, directly affect the industrial enterprises and workers. The critics of the Industry 4.0 paradigm emphasized its orientation to new technologies and digitalization in a technocratic way. Therefore, the new industrial paradigm Industry 5.0 appeared very soon and automatically triggered a debate about the role of, and reasons for applying, the new paradigm. Industry 5.0 is complementing the existing Industry 4.0 paradigm with the orientation to the worker who has an important role in the production process, and that role has been emphasized during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this research, there is a brief discussion on main drivers and enablers for introduction of these new paradigms, then a literature-based analysis is carried out to highlight the differences between two paradigms from three important aspects—people, organization, and technology. The conclusion emphasizes the main features and concerns regarding the movement towards Industry 5.0, and the general conclusion is that there is a significant change of the main research aims from sustainability towards human-centricity. At the end, the analysis of maturity models that evaluates enterprises’ readiness to introduce features of new paradigms is given as well.

Digital Twin for a Multifunctional Technology of Flexible Assembly on a Mechatronics Line with Integrated Robotic Systems and Mobile Visual Sensor—Challenges towards Industry 5.0

“…The following concepts used in this work satisfy the requirements of Industry 4.0 and challenge Industry 5.0 [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]: Digital twin with augmented reality (AR) component represents the integration of the virtual and real environments, where objects in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated information or objects that help the multi-functional flexible assembly technology. Thus, SHPN was used for technology modeling in which A/D/RML has a discrete dynamic and MCPS a continuous one; The “Digital twin” concept enables optimizing the production line and predictive maintenance that can improve efficiency and detect problems in time.…”

“…While the main concern in Industry 4.0 is about automation, Industry 5.0 will be a synergy between humans and autonomous machines. These challenges, through the “Digital twin” approach of the multifunctional technology of flexible manufacturing, would be the following: networked sensor data interoperability, virtual training, intelligent autonomous systems, including MCPSs, advances in detection technologies, and knowledge of workstations [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Towards Data-Driven Decision-Making in the Korean Film Industry: An XAI Model for Box Office Analysis Using Dimension Reduction, Clustering, and Classification

“…Data-driven decision-making (DDDM) has become increasingly important in recent years due to the advancement of technology and the abundance of data available [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. In many industries, people and organizations seek efficient and effective ways of processing and analyzing large volumes of data to support their decision-making efforts [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Traditional decision-making methods, which rely on personal knowledge, experience, and wisdom, are limited in dealing with big data effectively and are prone to bias and errors [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Guest editorial: Strategic alignment between Industry 4.0 and operational excellence methodologies for smart manufacturing

“…In the past decade, Industry 4.0 has been classified as a strategic paradigm to make organizations competitive through improvements in quality, productivity, defects, waste reduction, etc (Buer et al ., 2018; Tortorella et al ., 2019). I4.0 technologies can help operations in many ways, such as reducing processing time, production cost, improving process flexibility, achieving world-class product quality, customer service, product customization, etc (Zizic et al ., 2022). To be a continuous stakeholder in the market different performance improvement methods or operational excellence (OPEX) approaches are being adopted by the industries (Zheng et al ., 2018).…”