From ISS to the Moon, Mars and Beyond - Applying Lessons Learned

Sanchez, Merri; Voss, James S.

doi:10.2514/6.2005-705

“…Although not part of a formal investigation or payload on ISS, medical and engineering data collected as part of the operation of ISS is an important source of information for scientific study. Environmental monitoring, medical monitoring of crewmembers, testing of new technologies, and lessons learned from the operation of station (see summary [9]) are all important for future exploration.…”

Section: Lessons Learned From Iss Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NASA utilization of the International Space Station and the Vision for Space Exploration

Robinson

¹

,

Thumm

²

,

Thomas

³

2007

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In response to the U.S. President's Vision for Space Exploration (January 14, 2004), NASA has revised its utilization plans for ISS to focus on (1) research on astronaut health and the development of countermeasures that will protect our crews from the space environment during long duration voyages, (2) ISS as a test bed for research and technology developments that will insure vehicle systems and operational practices are ready for future exploration missions, (3) developing and validating operational practices and procedures for longduration space missions. In addition, NASA will continue a small amount of fundamental research in life and microgravity sciences. There have been significant research accomplishments that are important for achieving the Exploration Vision. Some of these have been formal research payloads, while others have come from research based on the operation of International Space Station (ISS). We will review a selection of these experiments and results, as well as outline some of ongoing and upcoming research. The ISS represents the only microgravity opportunity to perform on-orbit long-duration studies of human health and performance and technologies relevant for future long-duration missions planned during the next 25 years. Even as NASA focuses on developing the Orion spacecraft and return to the moon (2015-2020), research on and operation of the ISS is fundamental to the success of NASA's Exploration Vision.

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“…Although not part of a formal investigation or payload on ISS, medical and engineering data collected as part of the operation of ISS is an important source of information for scientific study. Environmental monitoring, medical monitoring of crewmembers, testing of new technologies, and lessons learned from the operation of station (see summary 12 ) are all important for future exploration.…”

Section: Lessons Learned From Iss Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NASA Utilization of the International Space Station and the Vision for Space Exploration

Robinson

¹

,

Thomas

²

,

Thumm

³

2007

45th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit

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In response to the U.S. President's Vision for Space Exploration (January 14, 2004), NASA has revised its utilization plans for ISS to focus on (1) research on astronaut health and the development of countermeasures that will protect our crews from the space environment during long duration voyages, (2) ISS as a test bed for research and technology developments that will insure vehicle systems and operational practices are ready for future exploration missions, (3) developing and validating operational practices and procedures for long-duration space missions. In addition, NASA will continue a small amount of fundamental research in life and microgravity sciences. A critical strategy for optimizing use of ISS during assembly is to focus on getting suitable human physiological data on crewmembers, so that information from each human "subject" living on orbit can be used to better understand the effects of spaceflight on human physiology. Biological sample collection and return requires relatively little upmass and downmass, but has high potential payoff of information for planning future exploration missions. The new ISS Medical Project (ISSMP) will be developing and focusing human research on understanding typical physiology on long-duration missions and developing an integrated suite of countermeasures for the negative effects of spaceflight on human health. Major systems will soon be tested on ISS, starting with an oxygen generation system in 2006-2007 and followed by a water recovery system. Testing of these systems early will improve our ability to design and operate closed-loop life support systems for future exploration. They will also facilitate expansion to a crew of six, which will provide more crewtime for utilization of NASA and international partner research facilities. The ongoing experience of operating ISS is also important for developing and validating operations procedures for future explorations missions. There have been significant research accomplishments that are important for achieving the Exploration Vision. Some of these have been formal research payloads, while others have come from research based on the operation of International Space Station (ISS). We will review a selection of these experiments and results, as well as outline some of ongoing and upcoming research. The ISS represents the only microgravity opportunity to perform on-orbit long-duration studies of human health and performance and technologies relevant for future long-duration missions planned during the next 25 years. Even as NASA focuses on developing the Orion spacecraft and return to the moon (2015-2020), research on and operation of the ISS is fundamental to the success of NASA's Exploration Vision.

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“…However, as with the International Space Station, such construction is expensive, difficult, and risky because of the extravehicular activities required to connect or repair modules. 1 Modular spacecraft thus introduce additional complexities to orbital operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of a Magnetic Locking Flux-Pinned Revolute Joint for Use on CubeSat-Standard Spacecraft

Wilson

¹

,

Shoer

²

,

Peck

³

2009

AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference

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Magnetic flux pinning is an interaction between strong magnets and certain superconductors that causes a damped, non-contacting equilibrium to form, connecting the flux-pinned objects. This interaction has been proposed for use in establishing a stable formation of spacecraft modules that is resistant to disturbances. Although flux pinning can exert forces in all six degrees of freedom, a flux-pinned interface can be designed to constrain only certain degrees of freedom so that it functions as a non-contacting kinematic joint. One such joint consists of a superconductor flux pinned to a cylindrical magnet and free to move around the magnet's axis of symmetry. Such an interface would serve as a revolute joint that allows two modular spacecraft to reconfigure. This paper explores the development of one such joint compatible with the CubeSat standard. We extend the functionality of the revolute joint by introducing electromagnets that create two stable equilibrium states in a system of two modules. The electromagnets also provide the means of reconfiguration between the two states, eliminating the need for reaction wheels, thrusters, or other conventional actuators for this maneuver. Finally, this paper discusses future testing for flux-pinned joints and ongoing work on an in-orbit demonstration. Nomenclature

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From ISS to the Moon, Mars and Beyond - Applying Lessons Learned

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

NASA utilization of the International Space Station and the Vision for Space Exploration

NASA utilization of the International Space Station and the Vision for Space Exploration

NASA Utilization of the International Space Station and the Vision for Space Exploration

Demonstration of a Magnetic Locking Flux-Pinned Revolute Joint for Use on CubeSat-Standard Spacecraft

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