“…GIs generate several benefits evidenced in the literature: premium pricing (Menapace & Moschini, 2012), farmers' income (Hughes, 2009), consumers' preferences (Menapace et al., 2011), trade (de Filippis et al., 2022), local development (Crescenzi et al., 2022) and sustainability (Gocci & Luetge, 2011). In global markets, the literature demonstrates that obtaining a GI avoids misleading labelling, confers greater consumer trust in the authenticity of products (Deselnicu et al., 2013; Menapace et al., 2011), and attracts foreign direct investment (Crescenzi et al., 2023). This not only guarantees fairness and equity among trade parties, but also affects international demand (Menapace & Moschini, 2012) and consumers' willingness to choose these products (Santeramo & Lamonaca, 2019).…”